[heartbeat thumping]
[stones rattling]
[stones clacking]
[tense music]
[stones rattling]
[Frank] 这需要绞尽脑汁 It's intensely contemplative.
几乎有种催眠的魔力 It is almost hypnotic.
[rattling]
就好像将手伸进宇宙的危险禁区 It's like putting your hand on the third rail of the universe.
（弗兰克兰茨 纽约大学游戏中心主任）
如果你全心投入这个游戏 If you play Go seriously,
你将很有机会可以 there is a chance that you will get exposed
亲身体验到 to this experience that...
举世绝无仅有的感受 is kind of like nothing else on the planet.
[Frank] 围棋这项运动 Go is putting you in a place
总是能让你把能力 where you're always at the very farthest reaches
发挥到极限 of your capacity.
人们下了几千年的围棋 There's a reason that people have been playing Go
总是有原因的，对吧？ for thousands and thousands of years, right?
他们不只是想理解围棋 It's not just that they want to understand Go.
他们还想要探究理解的本质 They want to understand what understanding is.
也许这就是身为人类的真正意义 And maybe that is truly what it means to be human.
（戴密斯哈萨比斯 深度思维公司创建人&首席执行官）
[Demis] 我从小就喜欢玩游戏 When I was a kid, I loved playing games.
最早是玩图版游戏，例如西洋棋 I started off with board games like chess.
八岁时我用参加西洋棋锦标赛的奖金 And then I bought my first computer when I was eight
买了第一部电脑 with winnings from a chess tournament.
从那以后， Ever since then,
我就一直觉得电脑是很神奇的装置 I felt that computers were this sort of magical device
可以拓展人的心智能力 that could extend the power of your mind.
虚拟环境与游戏 Virtual environments and games,
我们认为这是开发与测试人工智能算法的理想平台 we think they're the perfect platform for developing and testing AI algorithms.
游戏是很方便的媒介，因为很多游戏都会计分 Games are very convenient, in that a lot of them have scores,
我们可以通过游戏很容易地测量渐进式进步 so it's very easy to measure incremental progress.
现在我要播放几段关于智能系统，也就是人工智能的影片 So I'm going to show you a few videos of the agent system, the AI.
我们先来看打砖块 So let's start off with Breakout.
在这游戏中，你要控制短棍和球 So here you control the bat and ball,
尝试打穿这道彩虹墙 and you're trying to break through this rainbow-colored wall.
智能系统必须根据原始像素做判断 The agent system has to learn everything for itself,
自行学习其中的操作方式 just from the raw pixels.
它不知道自己在控制什么 It doesn't know what it's controlling.
甚至连游戏的目标都不知道 It doesn't even know what the object of the game is.
起先的100场游戏中 Now, at the beginning, after 100 games,
可以看到智能系统的表现并不是很好 you can see the agent is not very good.
多半都接不到球 It's missing the ball most of the time.
但智能系统已经开始掌握到窍门 But it's starting to get the hang of the idea
它发现应该让短棍更靠近球 that the bat should go towards the ball.
[game beeping]
经过300场游戏后 Now, after 300 games,
智能系统的技巧超越人类 it's about as good as any human can play this,
几乎每次都能接到球 and pretty much gets the ball back every time.
我们心想：“还真厉害” We thought, "Well, that's pretty cool."
但我们又继续让系统玩了200次 But we left the system playing for another 200 games,
接着出现了令人赞叹的画面 and it did this amazing thing.
智能系统发现了最佳策略 It found the optimal strategy
就是沿着墙壁边缘挖隧道 was to dig a tunnel around the side, [audience laughing]
让球在砖块和墙壁之间来回弹 and put the ball round the back of the wall.
[beeping]
负责此计划的研究员，虽然都是杰出的人工智能开发者 The researchers working on this, the amazing AI developers,
但都不太会玩打砖块,他们都不知道能用这一招 well, they're not so good at Breakout, and they didn't know about that strategy.
所以他们从自行开发的系统学到新知 So, they learned something from their own system,
我想，这是普遍人工智能的潜力 which is, uh, you know, pretty funny and quite instructive,
有趣又具启发性的一面 I think, about the potential for general AI.
那么对我们来说，下一步是什么？ So, for us, what's the next step now?
围棋可以说是人类有史以来发明过最复杂的游戏 Go is the most complex game, pretty much, ever devised by man.
打败职业围棋手 Beating a professional player at Go
长久以来，一直是人工智能研究的一大挑战 is a long-standing, grand challenge of AI research.
[inspiring music]
[church bells ringing]
[man yelling in French]
[church bells clanging]
（樊麾 职业二段 2013至2015年欧洲围棋冠军）
（法国 波尔多）
哇哦 Wow.
[in French] 你真的想杀了我，对吧？ You really want to kill me, eh?
没有，我只是想生存下来而已 No, I don't want to, but I'm trying to survive.
对啦，最好是这样 Yes, that's it. That's it.
[in English] [Fan] 我是职业围棋手 I am Go professional player.
也是欧洲围棋比赛冠军 I am also European Champion.
[in French] 走这一步 With that move,
你就输定了 you're going to lose for sure. [chuckles]
你原先很有机会打败我，但你慌了手脚 You were happy to defeat me but then you panicked.
你担心胜利会溜走 You're afraid that victory will escape you.
一般来说，当你开始担心，胜利就会离你而去 In general, when you're afraid, victory always escapes you.
[in English] [Fan] 我在中国出生 I'm born in China.
18岁时，我想改变人生 When I was 18, I wanted to change my life.
所以我离乡背井来到法国 This is why I go to France.
我试着忘掉围棋 I want to try to forget Go.
但根本不可能 But it's impossible.
因为我这辈子学到的一切，都是来自围棋 Because all the things I learned in my life is with Go.
围棋好比一面镜子 It looks like a mirror.
当我面对围棋时，就像面对自己 I see Go, I also see myself.
对我来说，围棋就是真实人生 For me, Go is real life.
[bicycle bell ringing]
[Demis] 亲爱的樊先生 Dear Mr. Fan,
我是戴密斯哈萨比斯 My name is Demis Hassabis.
我在伦敦经营一间名为“深度思维”的人工智能公司 I run an artificial intelligence company based in London called DeepMind.
你是全欧洲首屈一指的围棋手 As the strongest Go player in Europe,
我们诚挚邀请你来伦敦的办公室 we would like to invite you to our offices in London,
希望与你本人见面，并与你分享 both to meet you in person and to share with you
我们正在进行的一项非常振奋人心的围棋计划 an exciting Go project that we are working on.
如果你又兴趣来拜访我们公司 If you would be interested in coming to visit us,
烦请告知 please let us know.
非常感谢 Many thanks.
谨此致意，戴密斯 Kind regards, Demis.
[Fan] 我收到这封电邮时 When I see this e-mail,
我不确定是真的还是假的 I don't know if it's true or not.
但我接受了邀请，有何不可呢？ I will accept about this. Why not?
对我来说，每件事都如同一场冒险 For me, everything's an adventure.
我想亲自拜访深度思维 I want to go visit DeepMind to know
了解这项围棋计划的内容 what is this Go project.
我第一次去拜访时，我还以为他们会要我 The first visit, I think maybe they want me
坐在一件特殊的房间里 sit in the special room,
在我的手上以及身上 push many, many wires
接一堆电线 in my head and also my body,
然后叫我下棋，乘机扫描我的大脑 let me play to scan my brain.
我也不知道 I don't know, [chuckles]
可能要做某些实验吧 to make some research.
[Demis] 我们必须请樊麾亲自来我们公司一趟 We needed to get Fan Hui to DeepMind
让他们知道我们是正派企业 to see we were a serious operation,
有一群认真的员工 and we were serious people...
进行正规的研究 doing proper research.
[indistinct chatter]
[David] 搜寻时间已经越来越短了 And the search time is getting better and better
比方说，在一到八之间测试任何一个 as we go from, for example, one to eight, in any one of these,
结果都比先前更好 it always goes up.
[Demis] 我们把深度思维看成 We think of DeepMind as...
人工智能领域的阿波罗计划 kind of like an Apollo program effort for AI.
我们的任务是彻底了解智能 Our mission is to fundamentally understand intelligence,
再通过人工方法重新创造 and recreate it artificially.
只要能做到这一步 And then, once we've done that,
我们应该就能利用这些科技造福社会 we feel that we can use that technology to help society
解决各种问题 solve all sorts of other problems.
[Julian] 如果能逐步下完一局 If you step through the actual game,
我们就能大概了解阿尔法围棋的思维 we can see, kind of, how AlphaGo thinks,
了解它认为最可能出现哪些变化情形 what's the most likely variation that it thinks will happen.
[Demis] 我们已经研究阿尔法围棋快两年了 We've been working on AlphaGo,
这是我们开发的围棋程序 our program to play Go, for just under two years now.
把这些模式汇整起来 All the little patterns cascade together,
层层交叠 layer after layer, after layer, after layer.
[indistinct chatter]
20多年前我开始和戴密斯讨论围棋 I started talking about the game of Go with Demis more than 20 years ago.
（大卫席尔瓦 深度思维首席研究员）
[David] 所以这趟旅程非常漫长 And so, this has been a really long journey.
围棋是人工智能领域的终极目标 The game of Go is the holy grail of artificial intelligence.
多年来，人们提到围棋时 For many years, people have looked at this game
都会认为：“天啊，这太难了” and they have thought, "Wow, this is just too hard."
我们尝试过将人工智能应用在各种领域 Everything we have ever tried in AI,
但每次碰到围棋都以失败收场 it just falls over when you try the game of Go.
所以这像是一项评估进展的指标实验 And so that's why it feels like a real litmus test of progress.
如果我们能破解围棋，那对我们来说会是一项重大突破 If we can crack Go, we know we've done something special.
[keyboard clacking]
[Demis] 我们和樊麾谈论 So with Fan Hui, we started talking around
邀请他来的真正目的 what the real purpose of the visit was.
我们其实不是单纯地需要他协助这项围棋计划 It wasn't just a Go project we wanted him to help with,
我们有一个很强的程序，希望他 that actually, we wanted to play him,
能和这个程序对弈 and we had a very strong program.
没关系，只是电脑程序罢了 Oh, it's okay, just a program.
很容易对付 It's so easy. [laughs]
一定能轻松解决 So, it will be easy to play.
[Shane] 很多人认为还需要几十年 A lot of people have thought that it was decades away.
有些人觉得永远不可能 Some people thought it would be never.
(施恩莱格 深度思维共同创办人兼首席科学家)
因为他们认为要在围棋中获胜，需要人类的直觉 Because they felt that to succeed at Go, you needed human intuition.
围棋是人类史上历史最悠久的图版游戏 Go is the world's oldest continuously played board game.
（珍妮斯金 职业三段 职业围棋手）
某种程度上来说 And, in some sense,
这是最单纯，也是最抽象的游戏 it is one of the simplest and also most abstract.
[Frank] 只有一种棋子 There's only one type of piece.
也只有一种落子方式 There's only one type of move.
就是把棋子摆在棋盘上 You just place that piece on the board.
你的目标是把棋子连接起来，制造一个彼此相连的群体 And then, your goal is to create a linked group of your stones
包围某个空地 that surrounds some empty territory.
当你包围地方的棋子后 And when you surround enemy stones,
就能捕捉那些棋子，并从棋盘上移走 you capture them, and remove them from the board.
你通过包围领土的方式获得目数 You earn points by surrounding territory.
到最后，抢占最多领土的就是赢家 And, at the end of the game, the person with the most territory wins.
（183目 181目）
听起来很简单 It seems really simple. [chuckles]
但真的坐下来玩之后，立刻就会意识到 But, then you sit down to play, and you realize right away,
"理论上我知到可以怎么做 it's like, "Well, I technically know what I'm allowed to do,
但毫无头绪改从何下手” but I have no clue what I should do."
[Demis] 围棋是电脑很难破解的游戏 Go is incredibly challenging for computers to tackle
因为相较于西洋棋来说 because compared to, say, chess,
每颗围棋可以走的路径选择更多 the number of possible moves in a position is much larger.
西洋棋只有大约20种 In chess, it's about 20.
但围棋大约有200种 In Go, it's about 200.
围棋可能的变化数目 And the number of possible configurations of the board
比全宇宙的原子总数还多 is more than the number of atoms in the universe.
所以即使出动全世界的电脑 So even if you took all the computers in the world,
运作一百万年 and ran them for a million years,
这样的运算力量也不足以计算出所有可能的变化情形 that wouldn't be enough compute power to calculate all the possible variations.
[Demis] 如果你问一名围棋高手，“为什么走那一步？” If you ask a great Go player why they played a particular move,
有时候他们只会说，“因为感觉是对的” sometimes, they will just tell you it felt right.
所以我们必须效仿人类的直觉 So, we have to come up with some kind of clever algorithm
发明某种高明的算法 to mimic what people do with their intuition.
-你好，很高兴见到你 -你好，我也是 -[Maddy] Nice to meet you. -[Fan] Oh, hello. Nice to meet you, too.
[Demis] 我们征得樊麾的同意进行五局三胜的比赛 So with Fan Hui, we agreed a best-of-five match.
也同意拍摄比赛过程 And we agreed it would be filmed.
我们很认真看待这次的比赛 You know, we would treat it as a serious match.
[tense music]
[Fan] 我跟阿尔法围棋对弈 I play with AlphaGo.
黄士杰负责帮阿尔法围棋落子 Aja Huang push the stones for AlphaGo.
当然，我有信心能赢阿尔法围棋 And, of course, I think I will win the game with AlphaGo
毕竟那只是个电脑程序 because it's just a program.
[Fan]祝你赢得胜利 Good game.
[Aja] 祝你比赛愉快 Have a nice game.
[tranquil music]
[Fan] 第一局我犯了几个错误 The first game, I make some mistake,
最后我输了 and I lose the game.
好怪，这是个非常奇怪的棋局 Oh. Strange. Very strange game.
[David] 第一局比完后，我想他大概才意识到 In that first match, I think something clicked for him
这不是普通的围棋电脑程序 that this wasn't an ordinary Go program.
我们设计程序的方法与一般人不同 We weren't just doing the same as everyone else,
他碰上了前所未见的情况 that something new was happening.
[Fan] 第二局我尝试改变风格 The second game, I tried to change my style.
问题是我又输了 But the problem is, also, I lose the second game.
第三局也是一样 And also for a third game,
第四局同样落败 the fourth game,
甚至最后一局也输掉了 even the last game.
我以零比五的成绩惨败 I lose five-zero.
[whining]
阿尔法围棋赢了每一局 AlphaGo wins all the games.
连续落败之后…… After losing, losing, losing,
（黄士杰 深度思维首席程序设计师）
可以感觉到他的压力越来越大 you can feel his pressure is getting heavier and heavier.
[Aja] 有好几次比完后 And several times after the game,
他都说要出去透透气 he said he wanted to go out for fresh air. [chuckles]
我说：“我可以陪你出去聊聊” I said, "Oh, I can go with you and have a chat."
他说：“不用了，我想自己去” He said, "No, I want to go by myself."
[Fan] 我觉得很…… I feel something very...
莫名其妙 strange.
我输给了电脑程序 I lose with a program.
我好像不了解自己了 And I don't understand myself anymore.
[somber music]
[Maddy] 我很担心他不会回来 I worried whether he would even come back.
[chuckles] 他看起来很消沉 You know, he seemed very low,
他大概离开办公室整整一小时…… and he spent about an hour away from the office.
（麦蒂丽奇 深度思维程序管理员）
回来以后判若两人 He came back completely changed.
[Fan] 我告诉麦蒂：“这是史上第一次 I told Maddy, "This is the first time in the history
真人职业围棋手输给电脑程序 the human professional Go player loses with a program.
她说：“对，我们知道 She told me, "Yes, we know. [chuckles]
但对你来说…… But for you... [stuttering]
你还好吗？ Are you okay?"
我告诉她…… I told her...
"苦乐参半吧" "Not, and yes."
输了比赛让我很不开心 I am not happy to lose the game,
但我很高兴能缔造历史 but I will be happy for play in the history.
人工智能研究员 Artificial intelligence researchers have solved the game of Go
比预期的时间提早十年破解了围棋 a decade earlier than expected.
[Errol] 名为“阿尔法围棋”的电脑程序 The computer named AlphaGo,
打败了真人欧洲围棋冠军 was able to beat the European human champion.
[male reporter #1] 人工智能研究员 Artificial intelligence researchers
有了重大突破 have made a significant breakthrough.
[Martin] 这确实是一个重大进步 It really is a big leap forward.
（马丁里斯 皇家天文学家 剑桥大学）
这和“深蓝”打败卡斯帕洛夫的方法有极大的差异 There's a big difference between the way the IBM computer beat Kasparov,
当时的电脑程序是由专业西洋棋手所设计 which was programmed by expert chess players,
但这部下围棋的电脑是靠自己学习下围棋的方式 and the way the Go-playing computer, more or less, learned itself.
我们刚开始训练阿尔法围棋的方式 The way we start off training AlphaGo
是给它看十万部我们从网络下载的 is by showing it 100,000 games that strong amateurs have played,
厉害业余棋手比围棋的影片 that we have downloaded from the internet.
起初我们让阿尔法围棋模仿人类棋手的动作 And we first initially get AlphaGo to mimic the human player.
再借由跟自己下棋与强化学习 And then, through self-playing, reinforcement learning,
挑战不同的棋局数百万次 it plays against different versions of itself many millions of times,
并从错误中学习 and learns from its errors.
这些催生阿尔法围棋的构想…… The specific ideas that are driving AlphaGo
（凯德梅茨 《连线》资深特约撰稿人）
将会驱动人类的未来 are going to drive our future.
[Cade] 阿尔法围棋的核心科技 The technologies at the heart of AlphaGo,
被称为“深度神经网络” they are what are called deep neural networks
基本上 which essentially mimic
就是模拟人类大脑的神经元网络 the web of neurons in the human brain.
这个概念已经存在很久了 It's a very old idea.
但直到最近，因为电脑运算能力提升 But recently, due to increases in computing power,
这些神经网络可说是一夕间 these neural networks have become extremely powerful,
变得非常强大 almost overnight.
演算巨量资料的大型神经网络 Big neural networks that operate on big data
（约翰道格曼 剑桥大学计算机实验室教授）
能达成惊人的成就 can achieve surprising things.
[John] 阿尔法围棋找出了学习围棋的方式 AlphaGo found a way to learn how to play Go.
学习就是关键 Learning is the key thing here.
这是一种机器学习 It is a machine learning.
[Demis] 这类算法的美妙之处在于 The whole beauty of these types of algorithms
电脑是为了自己在做学习 is that because they are learning for themselves,
所以可以做出 they can go beyond what we, as the programmers,
超越我们程序设计师所知范围的事 know how to do,
让我们在科学和医疗方面取得新突破 and allow us to make new breakthroughs in areas of science and medicine.
所以i阿尔法围棋事迈向这个终极目标的一大步 So, AlphaGo is one significant step towards that ultimate goal.
[uplifting music]
[bicycle rattles]
[Fan] 我老婆打电话来 My wife called me.
她说：“别上网 She told me, "Don't see internet.
不要看网上的内容 Don't connect internet,
因为网友大肆批评 because people talk terrible things
你跟阿尔法围棋的比赛 about your match with AlphaGo."
“樊麾定居欧洲太久了， "Fan Hui is living so long time in Europe,
他已经不是职业棋手了，他只是业余玩家” he is not real professional, he's just an amateur player."
这让我很难受，非常难受 This is so hard for me, so hard.
[Demis] 围棋界质疑 The Go world was skeptical
阿尔法围棋的本领 about how strong really was AlphaGo,
以及它还需要进步多少 and how much further did it need to get
才能打败顶尖职业棋手 to beat the top professionals.
我们正在逐渐改善我们的程序 So our program is improving over time,
我们希望挑战人工智能算法的极限 and we want to push the AI algorithm to the limit,
看看这类自我学习能到什么程度 and see how far this kind of self-improving process can go.
所以我们必须寻找更大的挑战 So, we needed to look for an even greater challenge.
[camera shutters clicking]
[female reporter #1] 一场前所未见的比赛将在韩国举行 A match like no other is about to get underway in South Korea.
[male reporter #2] 李世石，多次蝉联世界围棋冠军…… Lee Sedol, the long-reigning global champ...
[male reporter #3] 这人是个天才…… This guy is a genius...
[male reporter #4] 他将挑战人工智能程序阿尔法围棋 ...who will take on artificial intelligence program AlphaGo
进行人类和机器的终极对决 in the ultimate human versus machine smackdown.
这是人工智能领域重大的一刻 This is a huge moment for both the world of artificial intelligence
我想，对围棋界来说也是一样 and I think, the world of Go.
到目前为止，阿尔法围棋克服了我们给它的每一项挑战 So far, AlphaGo has beaten every challenge we have given it.
[Demis] 但必须和李世石这样的世界顶尖高手一较高下 But we won't know its true strength until we play somebody
我们才能知道阿尔法围棋的真正本领 who is at the top of the world, like Lee Sedol.
我们挑选李世石 We chose Lee Sedol
是因为我们想找一位具有历史性地位的传奇棋手 because we wanted a legendary, historic player.
此人被公认为过去十年来最伟大的棋手 Somebody who has been acknowledged as the greatest player of the last decade.
[in Korean] 我并不想让大家觉得我很自大 I don't want to sound too arrogant,
但我认为我还是有优势 but, still, I think I have the advantage.
[translator] 我不想表现得太自大 "I will not be too arrogant,
但我不认为这场比赛我们会势均力敌 but I don't think that it will be a very close match.
阿尔法围棋10月时挑战的对象 The level of the player that AlphaGo went against in October
跟我是不同等级的 is not the same level as me.
因为才事隔两个月 So, given that a couple of months has only passed,
我不认为阿尔法围棋能追上我的程度 I don't think that it is enough for it to be able to catch up with me.
我希望能以五比零或四比一结束比赛 My hope is that it will be either five-zero for me, or maybe four to one.
所以最关键的是，我不能输任何一局 So the critical point for me is to make sure I do not lose one."
[in Korean] 请击掌吧 [female host] High five, please.
[Demis] 我们不知道 We don't know how well
我们的系统对上李世石这样由独特创造力的棋手 our system will play against someone
表现会如何 as creative as Lee Sedol.
他以擅长 Also, he's very famous
发动创新的凌厉攻势著称 -对 -for very creative fighting play. -Yeah, yeah. Yeah.
所以这可能是一场苦战，让我们拭目以待 So, this could be difficult for us, but we'll see.
也许某种程度上 Maybe, in some ways,
他是我们能找到最难缠的对手 he's the most difficult opponent we could pick.
[man #1] 对 Yeah.
[Cade] 他们对于能否 There was still so much of a question
打败李世石这样的高手 about whether or not they could beat
仍抱持许多疑问 someone like Lee Sedol.
樊麾是很棒的棋手 Fan Hui is a good player,
但跟顶尖棋手还差很远 but he's nothing like the very top players.
[Andrew] 李世石是九段的职业棋手 Lee Sedol is a 9-dan professional.
（安德鲁杰克森 美国围棋协会营运副总）
九段是围棋的最高段位 Nine-dan professional is the highest rank that you can achieve in Go.
围棋的排名系统 The ranking system.
欧洲围棋冠军，樊麾，只是二段的职业棋手 Fan Hui, who is the European Champion, is just a 2-dan professional.
相形之下，处于最顶尖的李世石 On the other hand, at the very top,
则是九段的职业棋手 Lee Sedol is a 9-dan professional.
李世石在围棋界的地位就像网球界的天王，费德勒 Lee Sedol is to Go what Roger Federer is to tennis.
他参加温布顿公开赛，赢得大满贯 He is playing in Wimbledon to win the Grand Slam.
而且不只是今年出席 And it's not just this year.
明年、后年、接下来几年 He'll be there next year,
他都会出赛 and the year after that, and the year after that.
当然，网络上和围棋界的所有人 Of course, the internet and all the Go community,
全部的人， everyone,
也许不是全部， maybe not 100%,
但几乎百分之百的人，都认为李世石能轻松取胜 maybe 99.999% think Lee Sedol will win very easily.
[in Korean] 老师，我卡住了 [student] Teacher, I got stuck.
下一步要怎么走？ How do I go from here?
[stones rattling]
[Master Kwon] 很好，把棋子拿稳 Good. Hold the stone properly.
好好放下，不能这样 Place the stone nicely, not like that.
像这样把棋子拿好 And hold it nicely, like this.
[Janice] 韩国人非常严肃地看待围棋 Go is taken seriously in Korea.
围棋是他们文化的一部分 It's so much part of the culture, like breathing, or, you know,
就像呼吸或是去上游泳课之类的一样 like taking swimming lessons, or something.
[Yuan] 表面上来看这只是一种游戏 On the surface, it's a game,
但却内涵深刻的哲学 but inside, it has a very deep philosophy.
围棋盘上的表现能反映一个人的真实性格 The Go board reflects the individual who's playing.
周源 职业七段 职业围棋手
z在下棋的过程中会显露本色 The truth is gonna show itself on the board.
隐藏不了的 You won't be able to hide it.
[Chihyung] 在古代中国、日本与朝鲜半岛 In ancient China, Japan, Korea,
围棋是文人的四大才艺之一 Go is one of the four noble things,
（南治亨 明知大学围棋系教授）
也可以说是四大成就之一 like four accomplishments for literati,
和音乐、书法和绘画并列 with music, poetry, and painting.
人们认为会下围棋的人 So, people think the Go players
非常聪明，而且由高贵的情操 are very smart and very noble.
[in Korean] 只要全力以赴 It's okay to lose,
输了也没关系 as long as you played your best.
向对手鞠躬 Bow to your opponent.
[Joseph] 权大师创办这所学校 Master Kwon started this school,
用来培育 so that he could produce
（约瑟夫崔 权甲龙国际围棋学校副校长）
韩国的优秀棋手 great players in Korea.
李世石八岁时，Lee Sedol, when he was age of eight,
也来这里上课 he came in here, attending class,
一周七天，每天从早上9点到晚上9点 9:00 a.m. until 9:00 p.m. for seven days.
他一直跟着权大师学习 And then, he stayed with Master Kwon.
[in Korean]我还记得他有一张圆圆的脸 I remember his round face
和深褐色的双眼 and dark brown eyes.
（权大师 职业八段 权甲龙国际围棋学校校长）
[Master Kwon] 因为他来自离岛，很引人注目 Since he came from an island, he easily drew attention.
但他和其他儿童不同 But unlike the other children,
他的双眼闪闪发亮 his eyes shone brightly.
（第七届围棋冠军赛） 7TH WORLD GO CHAMPIONSHIP
[Janice] 我记得我学围棋时 Lee Sedol was a little boy
李世石还是个小男孩 that I remember when I was a student studying Go.
他当时很年幼，而且很单纯以为披萨长在树上 He was very young and rural enough to think that pizza grew on trees.
[in Korean] [Sedol] 我小时候 When I was young,
（李世石 职业九段 世界围棋冠军 18次世界冠军）
学棋是因为觉得 I started playing Go because I thought it was fun
打败年纪比我大的人很好玩 to beat guys who were older than me.
从那时起，围棋就成为了我的个人创作 Since then, it has become a type of creation of mine.
我想要创造不同的棋风 I want my style of Go to be something different,
全新的 something new,
属于我个人的风格 my own thing.
从来没有人想到过的风格 Something that no one has thought of before.
[Janice] 李世石喜欢做有趣的事情 Lee Sedol plays things that are interesting,
他似乎已经不在乎输赢了 where you felt like he is beyond winning and losing.
[Janice] 而是想要用创新的方式 He wants to do something that's innovative
把他所做的事提升到 另一个层次 or takes things to the next level.
所以每位棋手当然会研究他的下棋方式 So every Go player studies his game for sure.
（第21届亚洲电视快棋赛）
[Aja] 他称霸职业围棋赛大约十年 Roughly ten years, he dominated the professional Go world.
共赢得18座世界冠军 He won 18 World Championships.
[in Korean][Master Kwon] 李世石 Lee Sedol
是本世纪的天才 is a genius of the century.
（2012年三星财产颁奖典礼 中国 上海大酒店）
即使现在想起来，我还是以他为荣 Even when I look back now, I am proud of him.
我也很自豪 And I'm proud of myself, too.
[Joseph] 李世石绝对会以五比零的成绩赢得比赛 Definitely, Lee Sedol is going to win the game, five-all.
（如果渴望获胜 你就会输）
对，每一场 Yeah, all games.
他每一场都会赢 He's going to win all games.
（深度思维办公室）
[David] 我们上周完成了测试赛 We had our evaluation match last week.
成绩为一胜一败 We won a game, and we lost a game.
如果是公开比赛的话 And we lost a game in a way
这种输的方式 that would have made us look extremely foolish
会让我们丢尽颜面 if that happened publicly.
这表示我们还有改善空间 It means that we still have work to do,
我们必须认真看待 and we need to take this really seriously.
这场比赛的风险太高 There's just too much risk that, actually,
我们可能满盘皆输 we could lose, overall.
不止如此，还可能输得很难看 Not only that, but we could lose in a way that makes us look rather silly.
-对 -所以我想 -Yeah. -So, I guess, um...
士杰，你想说一下你在做的事吗？ Yeah, Aja, did you want to say anything about what you're trying?
我很努力干活 I'm working hard.
[laughter]
[Demis] 目前我们夜以继日地工作 So, we're working round the clock at the moment,
一直到比赛前夕 training our algorithms further,
我们会不断改良我们的算法 trying to incrementally keep on improving
尝试取得极大的进步 right up to the moment where we have the match.
我们的团队 We have collected together
聚集了具备各种不同技能的成员 people with different skill sets onto the same team.
[David] 有研究员、工程师和评估专家 So we have researchers, engineers, valuation guys.
你是想知道如果创造出的新东西 But you mean what happens if it creates something new
-不是出现在超载节点会怎样吗？ -对 -which wasn't in heavy node? -[Aja] Yeah.
那我们就看不到 Then we don't see it.
[Aja] 你待会看就知道了 You'll see it.
-了解 -首先要了解…… -Okay. -[David] The first thing to know...
我原本以为已经找出完美的解决方法 I was thinking we have the perfect solution,
-但实际上并不完美 所以…-对 -but it's not perfect. -[David] Yeah.
[David] 士杰是首席程序设计师，原始的搜寻引擎就是他建造的 Aja is the lead programmer, and built the original search engine.
[Demis] 所以士杰背负重责大任 So Aja's responsibility is quite a big one.
他会坐在李世石的对面 He'll be the one sitting opposite Lee Sedol
帮助阿尔法围棋移动棋子 and actually playing the moves AlphaGo makes.
-我很兴奋 -真的吗？ -[Aja] I'm feeling excited. -[man #2] Yeah?
[laughs]
李世石是很杰出的棋手 Lee Sedol is a great player,
能跟他对弈是我的荣幸 and I feel honored to play with him.
我有很多朋友都很期待这场比赛 [Aja] Many of my friends, they are very excited about the match.
他们一直跟我说全世界都在看 They keep telling me that the whole world is watching.
"准备好阿尔法围棋就好" "Just prepare AlphaGo." [chuckles]
你好 [Hajin] Hello.
你好，戴密斯，你能听到吗？ Hello, Demis. Can you hear us?
有，我有听到 [Demis] Yes, I can hear you, guys.
你们听得清楚吗？ Can you hear me okay?
可以，很清楚 [Hajin] Yes. Perfect.
我一直想跟你见面 "I was curious to meet you,
你创造了阿尔法围棋 such an amazing developer
是个很了不起的开发者 who made AlphaGo. [Demis chuckling]
很高兴能见到你 It's very nice to meet you."
谢谢，彼此彼此 [Demis] Thank you, thank you. Likewise.
见到你我也很开心 It's a real pleasure to meet you.
我很喜欢围棋 I love the game of Go.
但棋艺不是很好 I'm not very good,
我不晓得你知不知道 but I don't know if you know,
其实我们有一些共通点 but we actually have something in common.
我小时候也学过下棋 I actually also trained at a game at a young age.
我小时候曾是西洋棋手 I used to be, when I was young, a professional chess player.
他说他曾经是 [in Korean][Hajin] He said that he was once
职业西洋棋手 a professional chess player.
我曾代表英格兰出赛 I used to play for the England team,
但到了14岁时我就不再下棋了 [Demis] and then I stopped playing when I was about 14.
我当时…… I was...
13岁那年，我已经是世界排名第二的棋手 When I was 13, I was the second highest-rated player in the world.
这样好了 [Hajin] "After the match,
比赛结束后，我帮你上一堂围棋课 I would like to propose that I give you one teaching game of Go,
你也帮我上一堂西洋棋课 and you give me one teaching game of chess."
这样怎么样 [laughs][Hajin] "How does that sound?"
听起来很棒，这是我的荣幸 That sounds very good. I would be very honored to do that.
我不知道这样问会不会太失礼 [Hajin] "I'm not sure if it's okay to ask you this question,
但我看了对樊麾的那场比赛 but I saw the games against Fan Hui,
我觉得阿尔法围棋的程度跟我还差了一截 and I didn't think it was quite at the level to play with me,
但我听说程序已经变得越来越强了 but I heard that it is getting really stronger.
我能否问问从那以后阿尔法围棋进步了多少？ Can I ask how much it got stronger since then?"
[Demis chuckling]
恕我无法透露太多 Yeah. I can't say too much, of course,
但阿尔法围棋的能力确实大幅提升了 but it's definitely got significantly stronger.
[people chattering]
如果有更多时间 [David] With more time, I think,
我相信去研究一下士杰的区域搜寻会是一个相当合理的方法 a logical approach would be to follow up on Aja's local search,
-把它应用在阿尔法围棋上面 -对 -run that in fast AlphaGo, -Right.
-产生新的数据组 -没错 -generate a whole new data set, -Exactly.
-然后再迭代一次 -对 -and iterate with more time. -Yeah.
但我们没有时间这样做，必须实际一点 But we're just out of time for that, so we have to be realistic.
我们了解到如果要因应 [Demis] We realized that if we wanted to prepare
单挑李世石这么大的挑战 for a mammoth task like taking on Lee Sedol,
我们最好征询专业人士的意见 there would be nothing better than talking to a professional.
而樊麾就是我们的最佳人选 And we couldn't have picked a better person than Fan Hui.
[tranquil music]
我们邀请樊麾当顾问 [Aja] We invited him as an advisor
因为在比赛期间，我们发现他是个乐观的人 because during the match, we found he is a man of good spirit.
-欢迎回来 -谢谢 -[Maddy] Welcome back. -[Fan] Thank you very much.
我们能有樊麾帮忙非常可贵 [Aja] It's very precious that we have Fan Hui with us.
我们往这边走吧 [Maddy] Let's go down this way.
他被阿尔法围棋打败 He was crushed by AlphaGo,
但后来他变得非常乐观 but then, he became very positive
并且成了我们的得力助手 and a big help to us.
当戴密斯问我，[Fan] When Demis tell me,
“你愿意回来帮我们增强阿尔法围棋的实力吗？” "Can you come back to help us make AlphaGo more stronger?"
我觉得备受尊崇 I feel this respect.
当然我欣然接受 Of course, I accept about this.
我跟阿尔法围棋下棋 I play with AlphaGo
了解它的强项 to understand where are the strong points about AlphaGo
并找出可能的弱点 and where is maybe the weakness.
我早上下棋 I play in the morning,
下午也下棋 afternoon,
几乎每时每刻都在下棋 all the time.
然后我发现了一些东西 And I find something.
我找到了阿尔法围棋的一个大弱点 I find big weakness about AlphaGo.
很大的漏洞 The big one.
超级英雄总是有 [Shane] The superheroes always have
不为人知的弱点，对吧？ a hidden vulnerability, right?
阿尔法围棋也不例外 And the same is true for AlphaGo.
大致上，阿尔法围棋是无坚不摧的超人 It's unbelievably superhuman, in general,
但在某些情况下却很脆弱 but it has some particular weaknesses in some situations.
我们可以想象有个空间装满了它知道的所有东西 [David] We can think of there being this space of all the things it knows about,
而且他对这些东西大多都了若指掌 and it knows about most of it extremely well.
但总有一些比较困难的知识区块 Then there will be these tricky lumps of knowledge,
阿尔法围棋对这些区块几乎一窍不通 that it just understands very poorly.
我们很难归纳出程序何时会碰到这些区块 [David] And it's really hard for us to characterize
万一碰上了，它可能会错乱 when it is going to enter into one of these lumps.
万一碰上了，它可能会错乱 But if it does, it can be completely delusional,
以为棋盘上某一部分是活棋 thinking that it is alive on one part of the board
实际上却是死棋，反之亦然 when, in fact, it's dead or vice versa.
所以我们真的有可能输掉比赛 So, there is a real risk that we could lose the match.
团队的所有成员 [Fan] Everybody in the team
都拼了命尝试解决这个问题 tried to work more and more to fix the problem,
但是，我觉得这个问题没办法这么快解决 but I think it's difficult to fix this very quickly.
我们目前正在进行第18版，对吧？ [Maddy] We've got version 18 in the pipeline, haven't we?
如果有大幅改进 Well, we will only go for version 18 if it makes
-我们才会采用第18版 不过…… -如果……对…… -a significant improvement which... -[Maddy] If it... Yes.
我们必须重新做所有的测试，因为很遗憾地，先前的都出错了 We're having to rerun all the tests because they went wrong, unfortunately.
因此我们的评估进度落后一天了 So we're basically a day behind in our evaluation because of that.
也许我们应该实际一点 [David] Well, maybe we just need to be realistic.
我们已经尝试过很多方法 That we've tried a bunch of things,
到了这个阶段 and we've come to the point where we said we would actually
我们不得不冻结程序码，并且承认 start freezing the code, and saying,
“听着，这……这真的行不通” "Look, it's...not... actually, not panning out."
比赛中还是可能出现程序错乱 These delusions are still a realistic possibility for the match.
我们发现一些弱点 We have some weaknesses that we...
在比赛前……不太可能修补好 I don't think we are going to fix fully before the match.
所以我们有点不安 So that's causing us a little bit of anxiety.
[upbeat music]
李世石已经准备好大显身手 [male reporter #5] Lee Sedol is getting ready to rumble.
本周三网络将要直播 On Wednesday, live across the internet,
这名韩国围棋手this professional South Korean Go player
对决人工智能程序 阿尔法围棋 will take on artificial intelligence program AlphaGo.
我们很有信心以五比零获胜 [in Korean] I am confident that I will win five to zero.
明天朱利安和乔治会打包好第18版 [David] Tomorrow, Julian and George, they pack up version 18,
安装在笔记本电脑上，打上飞机前往首尔 they stick it on a laptop, and they fly out to Seoul.
[exciting music]
-我们韩国见 -一路顺风 -[Julian] See you all in Korea. -Safe trip.
-一路平安 -再见 -Have a safe trip. -See you, too.
[upbeat music]
你们准备好击败李世石了吗？ [male reporter #6] Is everything all set for the victory against Lee Sedol?
一切都准备好了 Everything is set, I think.
但我到饭店后，会和团队小聊一下 But when I get to the hotel, I'm going to catch up with the team.
在剩下的时间里 [George] What we should do in the time remaining
我们必须列出系统在稳定性上可能出现的问题 is list things that could go wrong in the solidity of the system.
我们需要空间把阿尔法围棋安装在这下面 We need somewhere to put AlphaGo under here.
好了，进行彩排，请大家开始吧！ [Maddy] All right, rehearsal. Let's go, please, folks!
你们有帮李世石安排吸烟室吗？ [Aja] Have you arranged the place for Lee Sedol to smoke?
陷入苦战时他喜欢抽烟 When he's in a difficult situation, he likes to smoke.
有，旁边有阳台，我们会安排安保人员 Yes, there is a terrace, and we will have security,
所以他能在阳台上独处 so he will be able to go up there and be by himself.
你支持谁呢？ [in Chinese][journalist #1] Which one do you support,
李世石还是阿尔法围棋？ Lee Sedol or AlphaGo?
我这个位置比较尴尬 I am in an awkward position.
-不过你看我穿的衣服就知道 -明白 -As you can see, I am a referee. -I see.
我是这次裁判 [Fan] I am a referee.
我抵达现场时 [Cade] When I got here,
没料到比赛会这么受瞩目 I didn't expect the attention on the match.
这场比赛是新闻头条 It was literally front-page news.
韩国大约有八百万人在玩围棋 About eight million Koreans play the game of Go,
就算没有接触围棋的人也认识李世石 and, even those who don't, you know, recognize Lee Sedol.
他是全国皆知的人物 He is a national figure.
就是这么回事 And so, there's that. Right?
这关系到国家的荣耀 [Cade] There's some national pride involved.
但不仅如此 But it's more than that.
我认为，光是想到机器在这样的比赛中和人类进行对战 Just the very thought of a machine playing a human in something like this,
就已经够让人感到好奇了 I think, is inherently intriguing to people.
-可以请他进场了吗？ -是的 -[woman #1] We can bring him in? -[woman #2] Yeah.
要进去了吗？好 [Demis] Let's go in? Yes.
[camera shutters clicking]
我对比赛充满信心 [in Korean] [Sedol] I am confident about the match.
我相信人类的直觉还是遥遥领先机器 I believe that human intuition is still too advanced...
人工智能难以望其项背 for AI to have caught up.
我将竭尽所能捍卫人类的智慧 I'm going to do my best to protect human intelligence.
全世界都对李世石寄予厚望 [Fan] All the world gave the pressure to Lee Sedol.
过去他是为了国家和个人参加比赛 Before this, he played the tournament for country, for himself.
但这回他是为了全人类而战 But this time, he played for the human.
我真的希望我们能赢第一局 [David] I just really hope we win this first game.
要是输了第一局 If you lose the first game,
就必须在剩下的四局中赢三局 you literally have to win three out of four.
对，没错 [Demis] Yeah, that's right.
-这将会是一场苦战 -没错 -[David] Which is hard work. -[Demis] Yeah.
你要呆在哪里？ Where are you going to be?
-我会先去比赛的场地 -好的 -I'll start in the match room. -Okay.
然后回来这里，确保一切都没问题 Then, I'm gonna come in here, make sure everything's fine.
-对，你最好呆在这里 -类似这样的事情 -Yeah, you should probably be in here. -Or something like that.
[chuckles]
-我知道你很紧张 -对，我很紧张 -I know you're nervous. -Yeah, I'm nervous.
我很紧张 I'm nervous.
你呢？不紧张吗？ How are you? You're not nervous?
-有一点 -一点，是吗？ -[Aja] A bit. -[Demis] Little bit, yeah?
会紧张是好事 It's good to have a little bit of nerves.
应该没问题 It should be fine. [Aja sighs]
会没事的，会没事的 Be fine. Be fine.
大家好，欢迎观赏深度思维挑战赛 [Chris] Hello, and welcome to the DeepMind Challenge,
第一局，比赛第一回合 Game One, Round One,
在韩国首尔四季饭店的现场直播 live from the Four Seasons here in Seoul, Korea.
我是《美国围棋E刊》的克里斯卡勒克 I'm Chris Garlock of The American Go E-Journal.
在我身边这位是九段职业围棋手，麦克雷蒙德 I'm here with Michael Redmond, 9-dan professional.
欢迎你，迈克 Welcome, Michael.
跟世界各地的观众打个招呼吧？ Want to give a shout-out to all the folks watching around the world?
饭店里兴奋的气氛很明显 [Michael] Well, the excitement is pretty palpable here in the hotel.
我没见过全球各地的记者对同一件事这么感兴趣 I've never seen a crush of interest of reporters from around the world.
-摄影机 -非常多媒体…… -The cameras... -[Chris] The media is overwhelming.
我不确定这五个月来 [in Korean] I am not sure how much AlphaGo
阿尔法围棋进步了多少 has changed in the last five months.
各位观众，欢迎回到现场，你们将会见证历史 [Chris] All right, folks. You're here, you're gonna see history made.
别转台 Stay with us.
五分钟，各位 [Julian] Five minutes, guys. [chuckles]
五分钟 Five minutes.
[camera shutters clicking]
[indistinct chatter]
请别推挤 [in Korean] [escort] Please don't push.
我觉得 应该召集一下大家 [David] I just thought we should take a moment together
想一想接下来即将发生的事 and just think about what is about to happen.
非常兴奋能来到这里 I'm extremely excited to be here.
也为每个人与我们的成就感到无比骄傲 Extremely proud of every one of you and what we have done.
无论输赢，能来到这里真的很棒了 And, win or loss, I think it is just amazing that we're here.
你爸爸跟机器下棋是不是很奇怪？ [in Korean] [journalist #2] Isn't it strange your dad is fighting against a machine?
如果机器下棋没赢过人类那就好了 I would like it if the machine did not beat a human in Go yet.
[laughter]
剩下一分钟 One minute left.
[camera shutters clicking]
[tense music]
[tense music continues]
[camera shutters clicking]
5，4，3，2，1 Five, four, three, two, one.
[grand music]
比赛将采中国围棋规则，贴目为7.5目 [in Korean] [Cheolgyun] The match will be in Chinese rules, 7.5 points komi.
比赛时间是两小时，有三次六十秒延长读秒机会 The time limit is two hours, and 60 seconds times three.
[exciting music]
[exciting music continues]
请选棋 Please choose the stone.
九段棋手李世石，你选了哪一个？ [in Korean] Lee Sedol, 9-dan, what have you chosen?
黑子 Black.
请开始比赛 [in Korean] Please start the game.
[stones rattling]
[tense music]
我们非常努力 [George] We had worked so hard
确保程序运作顺畅 to make sure that this would go technically smoothly.
我们不断重复做测试 We tested it, and tested it, and tested it.
但终究会来到现场直播的那一刻 And still, there comes that moment when you're live,
每家电视台全程转播 all the TV cameras are broadcasting everything,
现在程序必须发挥你赋予它的功能 and now it has to do the thing you built it to do.
阿尔法围棋连走第一步都要花时间思考 [in Korean] AlphaGo is even considering what to do from the first step.
仔细看时间 If you look at the time closely,
-已经过30秒了 -对 -it has been over 30 seconds. -Yes.
阿尔法围棋的第二步思考太久了 [Seongryong] AlphaGo is thinking too long at the second move.
对 [Soyong] Yes.
[tensed silence]
[somber music]
[somber music continues]
我有点紧张 [Aja] I was a bit nervous.
这是我第一次和世界级的棋手面对面 It's the first time that I sat in front of a world-class Go player.
我真的可以感受到李世石这样卓越的棋手 And I actually can feel the spirit and courtesy
散发的意念与风度 of a great Go player like Lee Sedol.
因为这是他第一次 Because I think it was the first time he faced
对上这样奇怪的对手 a strange opponent, I think.[chuckles]
对方不是人类，没有感情，而且冷冰冰的 It is non-human, has no emotion, it's cold.
但他非常沉着 But he stayed very calm.
我能感觉到他强大的意志力 And I can feel his mental strength.
[stones rattling]
[both gasp]
Oh.
阿尔法围棋用了刺 [in Korean] AlphaGo peeped.
难以置信 [Seongryong sighs] It's unbelievable.
我第一次看到阿尔法围棋做出这样的举动 [Seongryong] This is the first time I am seeing AlphaGo making a move like this.
阿尔法围棋下棋的方式很像人类 It feels like AlphaGo is playing like a human.
我是安德鲁杰克森 I'm Andrew Jackson.
在我身边的是金明完，他是韩国围棋协会的九段职业棋手 With me here is Myungwan Kim, a 9-dan pro from the Korean Baduk Association.
我们在四季饭店的第21层楼进行现场直播 We are here live at the Four Seasons Hotel on the 21st floor.
跟我们说说，比赛进行得如何？ What are we looking at? How's the game going?
从一开始就进入厮杀 Oh, it's fighting from the beginning.
-比赛一开始吗？ -对 -From the very beginning? -Yeah, yeah.
-他……阿尔法围棋下得很好 -真的吗？ -AlphaGo plays very well. -Yeah?
-就像顶尖职业棋手 -像顶尖职业棋手？ -Just like a top professional. -"Just like a top professional."
对，攻势很猛烈 [Myungwan] Yeah, it's very aggressive.
-它挡了！ -它挡了吗？ -[in Korean] It blocked! -Did it block?
[Soyong chuckles]
他怎么敢切断的？ [Seongryong gasps] [Soyong] How dare he disconnect it?
不可能啊 [Seongryong] This can't be right.
现在比赛变得很复杂 Now, the fight is getting really complicated.
这是我第一次看到阿尔法围棋 Um, this is actually the first time I have seen AlphaGo
参与这么困难的比赛 playing a game that has this difficult a fight.
[heavy breathing]
这可能会让李世石很不安 [in Korean][Seongryong] This could make Lee Sedol nervous.
因为阿尔法围棋每次都用到1到1.5分钟思考 Because AlphaGo uses one minute to 1.5 minutes in any situation.
这完全不是人类会有的反应 This action is not like a human at all.
无论比赛有多复杂 No matter how complex you make the game,
阿尔法围棋都好像完全掌握情况 AlphaGo plays as if it knows everything already.
我看到他抬头看对手的脸 [Michael] I just saw him looking at his opponent's face.
-这是一种习惯 -一种反射动作 -And that's just kind of a habit. -[Chris] It's just an instinct,
身为比赛选手，会习惯去看对面的人 as a player, to look at the person across from you.
对，当李世石想知道对手的情绪如何 [Michael] Yeah, it's sort of something that Lee Sedol would do
就会这么做 when he was wondering how his opponent was feeling.
-对 -这是一种习惯 -[Chris] Right. -[Michael] It's just a habit.
但黄士杰不会泄露任何线索 So, it's not as if Aja Huang is going to do any giveaway
-因为黄士杰不是阿尔法围棋 -对 -because Aja Huang isn't AlphaGo, right? -[Chris] Right. Right.
[Soyong and Seongryong gasp]
他差点要出手了 [in Korean] He almost made a move.
李世石笑了一下 Lee smiled for a second.
-不会吧，那是 -李世石误判了吗？ -[Seongryong] No. That's... -[Soyong] I guess Lee is mistaken?
他差点就要走一步不合理的棋 [Seongryong] He was about to make a move that makes no sense.
-这里是…… -他在做什么？ -Here is the... -What is he doing?
如果他落在这个位置，可能就输掉了今天的比赛 If he had put his stone there, he would have lost the game today.
-他原本想摆在这里 -他的手…… -He was trying to place it here, -His hand...
但他想都没想就把手伸过去 but he moved his hand there without thinking.
-他要思考的东西太多了 -我觉得…… -He has so many things to ponder. -Well, I think...
他已经精疲力尽了 He is exhausted now.
-看起来…… -这样…… -I think... -Well...
他似乎有点慌 He looks a little panicked.
这是我们最担心的事情 [Seongryong] This is the thing we were most afraid of.
对 [Soyong] Yes.
-自我怀疑 -自我怀疑 -Self-doubt. -[Seongryong] Self-doubt.
[somber music]
跟人类下棋时[Fan] With a human, when you play,
你们可以有情绪交流 you can have exchange by feeling.
我看着你，就能知道也许你想跟我说话 I look at you. I know, okay, maybe you want to talk with me.
或者，也许你惧怕我 Maybe you fear about me.
我可以察觉到很多情绪 I can feel many, many things.
但对上阿尔法围棋，什么都感觉不到 But with AlphaGo, you can feel nothing.
如果你下棋时，感觉不到对手的情绪 So, when you can feel nothing when you play,
你就会开始越开越怀疑自己 you have more then more questions about yourself.
起初你心想：“这步棋很好” For beginning, you think, "Okay, my move is good.
但接着又会想：“真的吗？真的是好棋吗？” And really good, really good...
然后想：“可能不太好” Oh, maybe bad.
最后想：“天啊，烂透了！我怎么会走这一步？” Oh, terrible!
“我怎么会走这一步？” Why do I play here?"
越想越多 More, then more.
真不知道要待在哪里好 [David] It's hard to know where to be.
每个房间的氛围都太刺激了 All the different rooms are like exciting in different ways.
对 [Demis] Mm-hm. Right. [chuckles]
待在操作中心很棒 It's quite nice to be here at the heart of the operation.
对，我在这里觉得很安心 [Demis] Yeah, I feel safe here.
[all laughing]
白棋打算从这道厚墙大举入侵 [David] White's thinking of doing this huge invasion here from its thick wall.
好，加油 Yes, go for it.
落子，他出手了 [Demis] Stone in. He's going in.
-看看他的表情 -是啊 -Look at his face. Look at his face. -Yeah.
那不是有信心的表情 [Demis] That is not a confident face.
他吓坏了 He's pretty horrified by that.
我真不敢相信我的眼睛 [Myungwan] I can't believe what I'm seeing right now.
我说真的 Really...
-世石有点落后了 -嗯 -She thought she's a little bit behind. -Mm-hm.
阿尔法围棋走了很凶悍的一步 And she made a very aggressive move here.
-了解 -让整个棋局变得很复杂 -Okay. -And made it very complicated.
-是 -如果李世石没办法正确回应 -[Andrew] Okay. -[Myungwan] I think Lee Sedol, if he doesn't respond correctly,
-嗯 -那他可能会溃败 -[Andrew] Uh-huh. -then he can collapse.
对于人类围棋手来说，这有点难以想象 I mean, this is kind of unthinkable as a human Go player.
万一阿尔法围棋 What if she knows everything
知道下一步的围棋走向呢？ about what's going to happen next?
我们到哪里了？ [George] Where are we?
这是我们的搜寻深度 Here's our search depth. We're searching...
我们已经搜寻了接下来的50、60步棋 50 or 60 moves ahead.
这已经是阿尔法围棋以目前的棋局 [David] That's the maximum number of moves ahead
能搜寻到的最多步数了 that AlphaGo is looking from the current game position.
通常会超过50步，甚至会常常超过60步 It's typically over 50. It's often over 60.
在我们观摩过的比赛中，通常下到150步左右 In the games we have seen, often around move 150,
阿尔法围棋就能彻底击败对手 AlphaGo goes for the kill.
现在已经下了150步了，所以已经接近战术的临界点 We are at move 115 now, so we are getting to that critical point.
[tense music]
我们都很震惊 [Seokhyun] We are all astonished,
比赛目前进行到一半，而阿尔法围棋…… just in the middle of the game because AlphaGo is, uh...
（洪锡炫 韩国围棋协会会长）
表现得比我们想象中的好 It seems to be doing a much better job than we all thought it would.
我原先以为李世石能轻松领先 I thought Lee Sedol would be leading the game comfortably,
结果他现在却陷入苦战 but it turned out that he's struggling at the moment.
但我认为最后他应该会占上风，希望如此 But, I think, eventually, he will prevail. I hope.
我原本以为比赛会以五比零收场 I was, you know, more five to zero,
但现在很难说 but now, I'm not sure about that. [chuckles]
怎么回事？ [in Korean] [Seongryong] What is this?
阿尔法围棋失误了 AlphaGo made a mistake.
阿尔法围棋犯了错误 AlphaGo made a mistake here.
错的很离谱 Wow, what a mistake!
这大概是白棋犯下的第一个错误 It might be the first mistake,
这是个相当明显的错误 kind of a clear mistake that white made.
阿尔法围棋在比赛接近尾声时，不时地发生错误 [in Korean] AlphaGo is making mistakes at the endgame from time to time.
如果阿尔法围棋最后只是小赢 If AlphaGo wins by a small difference in the end,
有可能是因为它刻意下了足够的步数刚刚好赢得胜利 it is possible that it played just enough to win.
我前一分钟都没讲话 [Seongryong] The reason I stopped talking a minute ago
是因为根据我的计算结果，我发现阿尔法围棋可能会拿更多数目 was that according to my count, AlphaGo may have more points.
[laughing]
我没说出来时因为我不相信这是真的 I didn't tell you because I couldn't believe it.
虽然看起来是个错误 [male reporter #7] It seems like a mistake,
但因为棋步都是经过计算的，所以不算是真正的错误 but because it's based on calculation, it's actually not a mistake.
正是这样 Yes, yes.
所以如果这确实是根据计算来的…… So if it's actually based on calculation...
那就太可怕了 it is so scary. [chuckles]
这表示它根本只是在玩弄对手 It means it's just playing with its opponent.
明完，你输完了，对吧？ Myungwan, it looks like you have got a count.
是的 Yeah, right.
-你怎么看？ -已成定局，没错 -What do you think? Yeah. -It's done. Yes.
这一回白棋大胜，似乎是如此 White won a lot at this time. It looks like it.
以目前的棋局来看，白棋大胜 If it's like this, white has won by a lot.
对 Yeah.
2，3。我真不敢相信 [in Korean] Two, three. I can't believe it.
36，37…… Thirty-six, thirty-seven...
72 Seventy-two.
他输了 He lost.
太震惊了 Whoa, it's so shocking.
我，我以为阿尔法围棋只会赢一局 I... I expected AlphaGo to win only one game.
[laughing]
天啊 Oh, gosh.
[sighs]
[somber music]
我能感觉到他很痛苦，就好像…… [Aja] I can feel his pain. Like he was...
他不敢相信，也无法接受 He couldn't believe, you know. He couldn't accept it.
他需要一点时间才能接受这样的结果 It takes time for him to accept the outcome.
也许阿尔法围棋现在真的很强 [Fan] Maybe AlphaGo is very strong now,
但他无法接受自己输了 but he don't want to believe he will lose.
身为职业围棋手 He's just a Go professional player.
我们难以相信这种结果 We can't believe this,
因为在我们看来，这是很久以后的事 because, for us, it's something very, very far.
不可能现在就发生，完全不可能 It's not can be coming now. It's impossible.
但实际上 But, in reality...
现在真的发生了 it's now.
他很有风度地认负了 [Aja] I think he resigned in a very polite way.
李世石执黑，但他却放了白棋 Lee Sedol plays black, but he put a white stone.
[clacks]
[somber music]
我想他认负了 [Michael] I think he resigned.
我的天啊 [Chris] Oh, my gosh.
-你看，计时停止了 -对 -Look at the time. It stopped. -Yeah.
哇哦 Wow.
[exciting music]
成功了 You got this.
-恭喜 -你好啊 -Congratulations. -Thanks.
你好吗？ What's up?
我非常开心，我觉得我完全信任阿尔法围棋 [David] I feel really good. I feel like I really believe in AlphaGo.
当然人们希望人类获胜 Of course, it's natural that humans want humans to win.
这是很自然的反应 I mean, I think that's a natural response.
但阿尔法围棋是人类开发的 But AlphaGo is human-created,
代表了人类巧思与才智的最终结晶 and I think that's the ultimate sign of human ingenuity and cleverness.
阿尔法围棋的每个表现 Everything that AlphaGo does,
都多亏人类创造了提供它学习的数据 it does, because a human has either created the data that it learns from,
和由这些数据发明的学习算法 created the learning algorithm that learns from that data,
以及搜寻算法 created the search algorithm.
这些技术都是由人类创造的 All of these things have come from humans.
所以可以说是人类共同努力的结果 So, really, this is a human endeavor.
[laughs]
[reporters clamoring]
[camera shutters clicking]
在这场人类和机器的对战中 [male reporter #8] In the battle between man versus machine,
电脑成为赢家 a computer just came out the victor.
深度思维让电脑程序 [female reporter #2] DeepMind put its computer program to the test
对决世上绝顶聪明的棋手并且获胜了 against one of the brightest minds in the world and won.
阿尔法围棋打败了 [male reporter #9] AlphaGo beat a professional player
赢过18场围棋世界冠军赛的职业选手 who has 18 Go World Championships under his belt.
这场胜利代表了人工智能的一大突破 The victory is considered a breakthrough in artificial intelligence.
好的 [in Korean] First of all,
首先我必须说，我非常震惊 I would have to say that I was very surprised,
因为我没料到自己会输 because I didn't think that I would lose the game.
我认为一开始我就犯了失误 I think the mistakes I made in the beginning
而且一直错到最后 lasted until the very end.
所以我才会输了比赛 That's why I lost this game.
我没预料到这个情况 I wasn't able to foresee.
没想到阿尔法围棋的棋艺这么出色 [Sedol] I didn't think that AlphaGo would play the game in such a perfect manner.
我得过很多次世界冠军，比赛经验非常丰富 I have won world championship titles and have a lot of experience,
所以输一局不会影响我未来的表现 so losing one game won't affect me in playing games in the future.
我想现在胜负的几率各半 I think now it's 50/50.
我也要对这支团队表达敬意 I would like to express my respect to the team
开发出阿尔法围棋 for developing such an amazing program
这么了不起的程序 like AlphaGo.
从事研究时 [Demis] In research,
我们通常会致力于完成一篇学术论文 we normally work to produce an academic paper.
如果够幸运，论文刊登后 It gets published, and maybe we get to talk about it
也许能举行一场会谈进行谈论 in a conference if we're lucky.
这不是研究一般会有的结果 This is not normal for a research.
老实说，我不曾受过这么多媒体的关注 In fact, I've never experienced any media attention remotely close to this.
对我们来说，这是很特别的一刻，所以我们尽情享受当下 So, it's a special moment for us all, and we're just enjoying it while it lasts.
（戴密斯哈萨比斯：赢了！我们登录了月球，以团队为荣）
（也对了不起的李世石致敬）
（恭喜深度思维！为李世石感到遗憾）
这场人类和机器的对战中，谁是赢家？ [male reporter #10] In a matchup between man and machine, who wins?
目前是机器 So far, it's the machine.
在韩国首尔，人工智能电脑 In Seoul, South Korea, the artificially intelligent computer
在围棋这个古中国的图版游戏中击败了世界冠军 defeated the global champion in the ancient Chinese board game Go.
AlphaGo Shock AI Shocked the World
李世石输了第一局，但他还有四次机会 Lee Sedol lost the first matchup, but he's got four more chances.
这就是和李世石比围棋的团队 [in Korean] This is the team that played Go with Lee Sedol.
我们买到报纸了 [David] We got our newspapers.
别怪我们，都是那个带毛帽的男子 [Veda] But we are not responsible. It's just the man in the beanie.
[all laughing]
抱歉 Sorry.
（人工智能打败人脑） AI Defeats Human Brain
身为计算机科学家 It is a bit strange being on the front cover
登上报纸头版感觉很妙 and everything as a computer scientist.
（朱利安史特利威瑟 深度思维软件工程师）
通常我们只能坐在角落写程序 Normally, you sit there in your corner and you code.
当个无名小卒 Nobody really knows about it.
也许你们听过这个笑话 Perhaps you've heard the joke,
要如何分辨计算机科学家 "How can you tell that a computer scientist
个性外向还是内向？ is an extrovert and not an introvert?"
如果他是外向的，当他跟你说话时 If he's an extrovert, he looks at your shoes
他会看着你的鞋子，而不是自己的脚 when he's talking to you, instead of at his own.
看看士杰，他总是极力躲闪摄影机 [Julian] If you look at Aja, he avoids all the cameras like crazy.
比赛结束后，他就溜走 He's like, the game is finished, and he's, like, out the back,
躲回自己的房间 and back in his room.
我想很多计算机科学家都是这样 And I think a lot of computer scientists would be like that.
我们比较习惯埋首工作，而不是享受镁光灯 We are more about doing our work than standing in the spotlight.
[elevator dings]
大家好，欢迎观赏第二局，比赛第二回合 [Chris] Hello, and welcome to Game Two, Round Two,
在这场深度思维挑战赛中 in the Google DeepMind Challenge
人类与机器进行大对决 throwdown between man and machine.
在第一局中，机器打败了人类 Game One, the machine takes down man.
这结果很令人震惊，并且成了世界各地的头条新闻 Huge shock. Headlines around the world.
韩国民间普遍的反应都是很错愕 [Andrew] The reactions on the ground here from the folks in Korea were just stunned.
据估计，光是在中国就有六千万人观看这场比赛 They estimate 60 million people watched the game in China alone.
全世界的观赛人数可能达到了八千万人 Probably bringing it up to maybe 80 million people who watched this game worldwide.
真的很不可思议 It was just incredible.
今天的比赛可能会引发更多轰动 And if anything, today is probably even more of a madhouse.
李世石很清楚 So, Lee Sedol knows today.
他知道这局比赛非常重要 He knows that this is just a really important game. Right?
他非赢不可 He has got to win.
加油，李世石！ [in Korean] [man #3] Go, Lee Sedol!
加油！ [woman #2] Fighting!
从李世石的表情 [in Korean] [Yeowon] Can you tell what Lee
你猜得出他在想什么吗？ is thinking by looking at his face?
他是不是很紧张？ Does he seem nervous?
对，他看起来非常紧绷 [Changhyuk] Yes. Lee seems to be very tense.
我猜他昨晚没睡好 My guess is that he didn't sleep well last night.
李世石执白子 [Chris] Lee Sedol on white,
我猜他今天可能想复仇 I think probably looking for a little payback.
我感觉他可能因为低估了阿尔法围棋 [Michael] My impression is that maybe he underestimated AlphaGo,
所以要改变战术 and he is going to change his tactics.
对，但今天李世石下得慢多了 [Demis] Lee Sedol's playing much, much slower today.
对 Yeah.
-一定会对我们有影响 -对 -Which is going to affect us. -[George] Yes.
他的速度放慢了一半 He's playing at half the speed, actually.
目前谁占上风还很难说 [in Korean] It is hard to say who is ahead or better now.
刚刚那两步棋让我质疑阿尔法围棋的本领 [Changhyuk] The last two moves make me doubt AlphaGo's ability.
-但我们必须保持警觉 -对 -[Yeowon] But we have to stay alert. -[Changhyuk] Yes.
-对，这很困难 -阿尔法围棋高深莫测 -Yes. This is difficult. -AlphaGo is hard to understand.
若你发现阿尔法围棋出现异常的行为 [Michael] If I see anything about AlphaGo
那或许是阿尔法围棋认为自己领先时 that is not normal, is maybe the way it handles a game
-应对赛局的反应 -对 -when it thinks it is ahead. -[Chris] Yes.
我们邀请了开发团队的成员之一来到现场 We're actually going to have a visit from one of the team,
听听他们内部对这部分的看法 and we will talk about exactly that point from the inside.
谢谢你过来，索尔 Thanks so much for coming by, Thore.
非常感谢 I really appreciate it.
（索尔格雷佩尔 深度思维研究科学家）
可以请你谈谈阿尔法围棋的内部机制吗？ Can you sort of share a bit of what is going on in AlphaGo?
阿尔法围棋分成三个主要部分 So, AlphaGo has these three main components.
第一个部分是“走棋网络” [Thore] There's the policy network,
我们会用高阶棋局加以训练以模仿棋手的招式 which was trained on high-level games to imitate those players.
第二个部分被称为“估值网络” And then, we have a second component. We call this the value net.
可以衡量棋局的情势 And it can evaluate the board position
判断在这个棋局下的获胜几率 and say what is the probability of winning in this particular position.
第三部分叫做“树搜寻” And the third component is the tree search,
用来分析棋局的各种可能变化情形 where it would look through different variations of the game
并尝试推演棋局未来的演变 and try to figure out what will happen in the future.
[stone clacks]
以这盘棋局为例 [Thore] So if we now take a position like this,
首先走棋网络会扫描棋子摆放的情况 first, the policy network would scan the position
选出可行的落点 and come up with what would be the interesting spots to play,
接着根据每个落点可能产生的变化建构出树状图 and it builds up a tree of variations.
然后运用估值网络 And then employs this value net
分析每一种方法获胜的几率 that tells it how promising is the outcome of this particular variation.
[clacks]
所以阿尔法围棋会试着把胜率提升到最大 So, AlphaGo tries to maximize its probability of winning,
但并不在乎赢多少 but it doesn't care at all about the margin by which it wins.
了解，所以当阿尔法围棋的下棋速度开始变慢 [Michael] Okay, so when you see a slow-looking move,
就可能表示它胜券在握了 that's maybe an indication that AlphaGo thinks it has a good chance to win.
-对，这是线索之一 -对 -Yeah, that is a little giveaway. -Yeah.
-我们在找蛛丝马迹 -没错 -A little tell. We're looking for a tell. -Oh, yeah.
李世石采用与平常截然不同的风格 [in Korean] Lee Sedol is playingin a completely different style from his usual style.
这是历史性的一刻，而他是众所瞩目的对象 This is a historic moment and Lee Sedol is the center of attention.
他一定承受极大压力 He must be feeling immense pressure.
我希望他能克服压力，尽情享受这场比赛 [Master Kwon] I hope he gets over this pressure and enjoys the match.
[retreating footsteps]
看来李世石要休息一下 [Chris] Ooh, it looks like Lee is taking a little bit of a break.
[somber music]
李世石去抽烟了 [Fan] Lee Sedol go to smoke,
但阿尔法围棋继续下棋 and AlphaGo just plays.
似乎不在乎对手是否在位置上 It don't think about if the opponent will be there or not.
士杰看到阿尔法围棋下第37步 So, Aja sees AlphaGo plays move 37,
然后根据这个棋步摆放好棋子 and Aja puts the stone on the board.
-噢 -噢，天啊 -[Changhyuk] Oh. -[Yeowon] Oh, wow.
-这一步还真是意想不到 -对 -Oh, it's totally an unthinkable move. -Yes.
价值…… The value...
这一步还真是让人吃惊 That's a very... That's a very surprising move.
我还以为是发生错误了 [Chris] I thought it was a mistake. [chuckling]
我看到这一步棋时，当下很错愕 [Fan] When I see this move, for me, it's just a big shock.
怎么会这样？ What?
通常，人类不会下这一步 Normally, humans, we never play this one
因为这样做很糟糕 because it's bad.
糟透了，我们不知道问什么，但就是很糟 It's just bad. We don't know why, it's bad.
位置有点太高了 It is a little bit high.
是吗？ Yeah?
那是第五条线 It's the fifth line.
通常，一般人不会走第五条线的肩冲 Normally, you don't make a shoulder hit on the fifth line.
把棋子下在高于第四条线的区域很不寻常 So, coming on top of a fourth line stone is really unusual.
对，这一步很振奋人心 [Chris] Yeah, that's an exciting move.
这是个原创的棋步 I think we are seeing an original move here.
下围棋就是为了找出这种棋步 That is the kind of move that you play Go for.
各位 [Thore] Hey.
真实耐人寻味 Interesting stuff.
-第五线肩冲太精彩了 -没错 -This fifth line shoulder hit was good. -Yeah.
我完全没有料到 [Michael] And I wasn't expecting that.
现阶段我还说不准这是好棋还是坏棋 I don't really know if it's a good or bad move at this point.
专业的评论家几乎一面倒认为 [David] The professional commentators almost unanimously said
人类棋手不可能选择第37步这样的棋步 that not a single human player would have chosen move 37.
所以我去看了一下阿尔法围棋 So, I actually had a poke around in AlphaGo
看看它在想什么 to see what AlphaGo thought.
阿尔法围棋也认同这个评论 And AlphaGo actually agreed with that assessment.
阿尔法围棋推测人类棋手只有一万分之一的机率 AlphaGo said there was a 1-in-10,000 probability
会走第37步这样的棋步 that move 37 would have been played by a human player.
所以它知道这是极不合理的走法 So it knew that this was an extremely unlikely move.
但它超越了人类的指导 It went beyond its human guide,
想出了一个全新、有创意、与众不同的方法 and it came up with something new, and creative, and different.
我几乎是通过这些评论员了解比赛精彩 [Cade] I am very much watching the game through these commentators.
通常都是这样 That is the way it works.
所以当他们陷入困境，我当然也毫无头绪 So when they are confused, I'm certainly confused.
同时我也发现 At the same time, I'm latching on to the fact
他们现在其实搞不清楚状况 that they are confused, right?
这是很有趣的一刻 That is an interesting moment.
当身边每个人都一脸疑惑，谁不会感到疑惑？ When everyone else is confused, who is not confused, right,
当然，除了机器以外 besides the machine?
我想亲眼看看李世石看到这步棋的反应 [Fan] I want to see Lee Sedol when he see this move.
他回来了，李世石回来了 [Chris] He is back. Lee is back.
[tense music]
[tense music continues]
我本来以为阿尔法围棋 [in Korean] [Sedol] I thought AlphaGo
是根据计算出来的几率来下棋 was based on probability calculation
只不过是一部机器罢了 and that it was merely a machine.
但我看到这一步后，我改变了想法 But when I saw this move, I changed my mind.
阿尔法围棋很有创意 Surely, AlphaGo is creative.
这一步棋，非常漂亮又创意十足 This move was really creative and beautiful.
通常他顶多只思考1到2分钟 [Fan] Normally, he has to think about one or two minutes, no more.
但这次他想了超过12分钟 But this time, he thinks more than 12 minutes.
[somber music]
我越思索这步棋，就越有新的领会 The more I see this move, I feel something changed.
也许对于人类来说这是个糟糕的决定 Maybe, for humans, we think it's bad,
但对于阿尔法围棋来说，有何不可？ but for AlphaGo, why not?
围棋就像地缘政治学 [Cade] Go is like geopolitics,
某处发生的小事可能会引发涟漪效应 like something small that happens here, it can have a ripple effect,
几小时后影响另一个区块的棋局 you know, hours down the road in a different part of the board.
现在局势似乎彻底转向了 The game kind of turned on its axis at that moment.
这步棋非常特殊 [Fan] This move is very special,
因为走了这一步 because with this move,
之前的每个落子全部起了作用 all the stones played before is work together.
连结起来 It's connect.
就像网络一样，连接起每一处 It look like network, link everywhere.
非常特别 It's very special.
极为不凡 Very special.
这步棋让我对阿尔法围棋刮目相看 [in Korean] [Sedol] This move made me think about Go in a new light.
围棋里的创意指的是什么？ What does creativity mean in Go?
这是意义深远的一步棋 It was a really meaningful move.
李世石陷入苦战 [Michael] This is a tough game for Lee Sedol.
阿尔法围棋 AlphaGo is just not letting Lee Sedol
-就是不让李世石随心所欲 -对 -do what he wants. -[Chris] Right.
黑棋差不多已经拿下60目，非常多 Black has almost 60 points. That's a lot.
情况不妙 [Andrew] That's not a good sign.
嗯 [Myungwan] Oh. Oh.
李世石轻拍了一下他头的侧面 [Andrew] Lee Sedol just slapped himself on the side of the head.
奥…… [Myungwan] Oh, wow.
我想黑棋目前领先 I think black is ahead at this point.
状况不错，对吧？我们现在…… [Demis] It's looking good, isn't it? We're on that steady...
很稳定 steady path now.
我眼睁睁看着李世石…… [Fan] I just see Lee Sedol.
他输得好惨 He lose so much.
通常我们可能早就认输了，但他想力挽狂澜 Normally, we resign before long time ago, but he wants to try.
他继续下棋 He play, he play, he play.
就是不愿意投降 He just don't want to resign.
[tense music]
因为白棋就会……他认负了 [Michael] Because then white... Oh, he resigned.
看来李世石刚刚认负了 It looks like Lee Sedol has just resigned.
完全不合理，我没料到那一步 [Demis] It doesn't make any sense. I didn't foresee that one.
-第37步，太漂亮了 -是 -Move 37, very beautiful. -Yes.
太漂亮了 Beautiful, yeah.
[somber music]
他还好吗？ [Demis] Is he okay?
我带了他朋友过来，因为昨天我发现 I brought his friend, because yesterday I noticed
他很想分析比赛 that he really wanted to analyze the game.
我没料到情况居然这么遭 [in Korean] I didn't realize how bad it was.
[somber music]
那整层楼弥漫着沉重的感伤气氛 [Cade] There was this heavy sadness over that whole floor,
在比赛过程中就能感受到 and you could feel it during the game.
我就感觉到了 I felt it during the game.
我离开播报室，去参加记者会 And I'm leaving the commentary room to go to the press conference,
中途碰到另一位科技记者 and I was stopped by someone, another technology reporter.
起初他一心只想讨论 At first, all he wanted to talk about
阿尔法围棋的科技有多厉害 was the technology and how great this was,
但后来连他也变得有点感伤 but then, even he kind of slipped into this moment of melancholy
他也很难过 where he was upset as well.
昨天我很惊讶，但今天我无言以对 [in Korean] Yesterday, I was surprised, but today, I am quite speechless.
我无言以对 [translator] "I am quite speechless.
我承认这场比赛我明显地处于劣势 I admit that it was a very clear loss on my part.
从比赛一开始 From the very beginning of the game,
我没有任何一刻握有主导权 there was not a moment in time that I felt that I was leading the game."
你会感到兴奋，但同时有点害怕 [Cade] You feel elated, and you feel a little bit scared.
我想，一部能自我学习的机器 There is something, I think, frightening to people
有部分让人感到畏惧 about a machine that learns on its own.
对我们来说，阿尔法围棋只是某个电脑程序 [Julian] For us, AlphaGo is obviously just some computer program.
但看看网络上的评论 But looking at the commentary on the internet,
我已经看到有评论员 I already saw the commentators call AlphaGo
在比赛过程中以”他“或”她“称呼阿尔法围棋 like "he" and "she" during the games.
完全是下意识说出来的 Completely unconsciously.
阿尔法围棋只是个很简单的程序 Which... AlphaGo is really a very, very simple program.
比起现在已经出现的全人工智能还差得远 It's not anywhere close to full AI, and we already see that happening.
所以我觉得很有趣 So I find that very interesting.
[zaps]
[crackling]
将人工智能系统人格化的倾向 [Nick] The tendency to anthropomorphize AI systems
是人类尝试了解 is one of the big obstacles
人工智能未来将如何影响世界 in the way of actually trying to understand
最大的阻碍之一 how AI might impact the world in the future.
比方说，外界在讨论 For example, the conversation is about
可能会出什么差错、有哪些风险 what could go wrong, what the risks are.
（尼克伯斯特隆姆 牛津大学哲学教授）
《终结者》的画面总会出现在脑海中 And invariably, you see this Terminator picture.
每次都会看到那些红通通的眼睛 Every single time, there are these red glowing eyes, right?
我们和智慧洗衣机的距离 [Fei-Fei] We're really closer to a smart washing machine
远比和终结者的近 than Terminator.
如果仔细观察目前的人工智能 If you look at today's AI,
（李飞飞 斯坦福大学人工智能实验室主任）
我们还处在萌芽阶段 we are really very nascent.
我对于人工智能的潜力感到很兴奋 I'm extremely excited
也很热衷于这方面的研究 and passionate about AI's potential.
但目前人工智能的 能力还是很有限 But AI is still very limited in its power.
我认为人们会这么思考是对的 [Cade] I think that people are right to think
我们持续改善这些系统时 that there is a danger that as we continue to improve these systems,
可能会不小心越界，进而造成危险 that we might miss that threshold where we do cross over into danger.
但好消息是 But the good news is
已经开始有人在思考这些危险 that there are already people thinking about those dangers.
外界现在讨论得很热烈，而且把我们当成领头羊 You know, there's a lot of talk now, and we are leading the discussion on this,
我们认为，或许应该 that maybe there should be a kind of,
建立跨产业的最佳实务工作小组或是类似的东西 cross-industry best practices working group or something.
对 Right.
召集各组织的研究团队领导人 Where the leaders of the research teams in those organizations,
像是国际商业机器和微软等大公司人工智能部门的负责人 you know, the big ones that are working on AI, IBM, Microsoft, so on,
把他们聚集起来，以确保人们有道德又负责任地使用人工智能 come together and make sure that AI is used ethically and responsibly.
我认为最重要的是有这样一群 I think what is important is that there is this community of people
引领人工智能尖端科技的人 who are leading the cutting edge of AI,
以及和学术机构交流的人 who are interacting with academics,
开始思考长期的影响 and already are thinking about the long term,
以及如何在这些机器日渐强大时 and how we can ensure that innovation is responsible
为这场革新负起责任 as the power of these machines gets even greater.
（李世石认负） Lee Sedol Lost by Resignation
各位，今天是个大日子 [Chris] This is it, folks.
第三天，第三局比赛，围棋高手，李世石 Day Three, Game Three. Lee Sedol, Go Master.
被逼入绝境，她已经连输两局 Back to the wall. He's down two-zero.
他今天一定要赢，才能有一线生机 He's got to win today to keep hope alive.
在连输两局后 [in Korean] [Hyunwook] Lee Sedol had a day off
李世石放了一天假 after losing two games,
他聚集了几名职业围棋手 and he gathered with Go professionals
彻夜分析棋局 and analyzed the game all night.
我听说有四名职业棋手去拜访他 I heard that four pros, yeah, went to visit him.
-嗯 -安慰他，并回顾阿尔法围棋的…… -Hm. -To console him and to review AlphaGo's...
安慰他？你觉得他心情低落还是…… Console him? Do you think he's upset, or...
他当然很低落 [Hyeyeon] I mean, Lee Sedol is upset. Yeah.
比赛刚开始出现一番激战 [Aja] In the beginning, there was a fierce fight,
阿尔法围棋下得很好 and AlphaGo played very well.
很早就取得了领先 So he secured a very early lead.
下到第50步时，获胜几率已经很高了 From move 50, the win rate was very high already.
并且逐渐往100%靠近 It was climbing toward 100%.
这一步很漂亮 [Chris] Oh, that's a pretty move.
胜利额几率大概有多少？ What's your probability rating?
-大概91%吧 -不是 -Like, 91? -[Julian] No.
-似乎是70%，你觉得呢？ -不是，移动了 -[man #4] It seems 70, you think? -No.
他现在一定很想赢 [in Korean] He must want to win desperately right now.
但我想压力 [Master Kwon] But I think the pressure
和心理负担正不断增加 and the psychological burden is adding up.
今天一定是最难熬的 Today must be the worst.
我个人认为 I personally believe,
当你拼了命想赢时，就会输掉 when you try too hard to win, you will lose.
他尝试硬碰硬 [Fan] He tried to fight directly in the game
但这不是他的风格 but it's not his style.
一旦我们改变风格挑战对手 When we change our style to play with opponent,
结果通常都不太妙 normally, it's very, very bad.
所以阿尔法围棋下起来比较轻松 So it's a game more easy for AlphaGo.
-我们看起来很有胜算 -希望如此，我认为…… -It's looking good for us. -[Michael] Hopefully, I think...
那一大片都是黑棋，无路可去了 You know, that black group is huge, and it has got nowhere to go,
只能在原地打转 and it is going to be running around.
[somber music]
我不知道该怎么形容目前的情况 [Hyeyeon] I don't know how to describe the situation.
如果我是黑棋，我会认负 If I were black, I will resign. [chuckles]
我们必须承认，我们现在面对着 We should admit that we are facing the strongest existence ever,
围棋史上最强劲的对手 ever in the Go history.
下完这场比赛没什么意义 There's no point in playing out the endgame,
反正都会输，不是吗？所以…… and you're going to lose, right? So...
[rattles]
即使黑子能继续苟延残喘…… [Michael] Even if black can live there...
-结束了 -他认负了，好吧 -[Chris] It's done. It's done. -[Michael] Oh, he resigned. Okay.
Wow. Wow. [sighs]
各位今晚见证了新历史 [Chris] You saw history made here tonight.
阿尔法围棋又赢了，已经连赢三场了 [Michael] AlphaGo has won again. Three straight wins.
连赢三场，今天这场获胜了 [Chris] Three straight wins. Has won the match.
李世石认负时，显得很不开心 [Fan] When Lee Sedol resigned the game, he looked like unhappy.
不单只是因为输了挑战赛 It's not just he lose the tournament,
主要的原因 it's just especially about this game,
是这场比赛他没有以平常的风格应战 because he don't play his game.
我很难过，真的很难过 I'm very hurt about this, very.
但我也爱莫能助 But I can do nothing.
突然间我有种矛盾的感觉 [Demis] You know, suddenly, I feel a bit ambivalent about it,
因为我自己也是棋手 given I'm a games player,
而围棋又是图版游戏的巅峰挑战 and, you know, Go is the pinnacle of board games.
但我很欣赏 But I really liked the statement
一位顶尖中国职业棋手说的话 of one of the top Chinese professionals. He said, you know,
”如果阿尔法围棋赢了，或许我们能因此了解到围棋真正的内涵“ "If AlphaGo wins, maybe we'll really start to get to see what this game is about."
我高兴不起来 [Maddy] I couldn't celebrate.
我们赢了真的很棒 It was fantastic that we had won,
但我在想的更多的是 but there was such a big part of me
看见这名男子竭尽所能地尝试 that saw this man trying so hard
但最后却……失望透顶 and being so disappointed.
[clicks]
我看到网络上很多人 批评李世石 [Fan] I see the internet, many, many people talk about Lee Sedol.
说他没使出全部的实力 Maybe he don't play the best.
我们是棋手 We are Go player.
在中国、韩国或日本 Okay, sometimes in China, in Korea, in Japan
我们都把围棋视为一种艺术 we see Go like art.
我们是艺术家 We are artists, you know.
-绝对会尽全力下围棋 -是 -We play our best for Go. -Right. Right.
-所以请对李世石仁慈一点 -对 -So, be gentle with Lee Sedol. -Right.
-他是非常杰出的棋手，非常卓越 -He's a very, very good player. He's a great player.
我也在现场，我看到了李世石的表现，他真的很想赢 I am in the room. I see Lee Sedol. He wants win.
他已经使出了浑身解数 He try everything.
但还是失败了，真的很…… It's just we can't. Just it's so...
首先我想表达歉意 [in Korean] I think I have to express my apologies first.
如果我的棋艺更高超，或是智商更高 If I had been able to play better or smarter,
结果可能截然不同 the results might have been different.
这一次我让很多人都失望了 I think I disappointed too many of you this time.
我要为我的能力不足道歉 I want to apologize for being so powerless.
我从来没有…… I've never felt... [chuckles]
感受过这么大的压力 this much pressure,
以及这样的重担 this much weight.
我想我太弱了无法克服这么大的压力 I think I was too weak to overcome it.
我真不敢相信会发生这种事 [Sedol] I can't believe this is happening.
不管对手的程度如何 Regardless of your opponent's level,
如果不只是零比三落败，而是零比五呢？ to be defeated not by three-zero, but five-zero?
如果最后以零比五输给阿尔法围棋 Losing to AlphaGo by five-zero
那对我的自尊会是一大打击 would really hurt my pride.
我也对支持我的那些人感到很愧疚 I also feel so bad for the people who have supported me.
在我认识的人当中 [in Korean] Lee Sedol, 9-dan,
九段棋手李世石拥有最坚强的心 has the strongest heart of anyone I know.
他正在打一场孤独的战斗 [Hyunwook] He is fighting a lonely fight.
他的对手没有实际形体 His opponent does not exist in physical form.
我很同情他的处境 I really feel for him.
我们还有第四和第五场比赛 We still have Games Four and Five,
如果九段棋手李世石能发挥出他平常的表现 and if Lee Sedol, 9-dan, plays like himself,
我有信心我们能打败机器 I believe we can beat the machine.
[uplifting music]
可以看出来在连输三局后 [Cade] You could see that he was more relaxed
他的心情轻松了不少 after he had lost three games in a row.
但话说回来，风险还是很大 That said, the stakes were still high.
到头来，这已经无关乎自尊 You know, in the end, it isn't about pride.
他看起来并不是胸有成竹 [Fan] He don't feel like confidence,
但似乎如释重负 but he feels light.
李世石能不能找出阿尔法围棋的弱点？ [Chris] Can Lee Sedol find AlphaGo's weakness?
事实上，究竟有没有弱点？ Is there, in fact, a weakness?
如果是我，我会直接放弃 I was thinking I would just pull the plug.
-你会直接放弃吗？ -对 -You would just pull the plug? -Yeah.
大家都还在替李世石加油 [Hajin] Everyone is still cheering for Lee Sedol.
不过…… And...
情况似乎不太秒 Yeah, it's not going very well.
李世石选择使用保守的方法 [in Korean] [Taegon] Lee Sedol has chosen to play conservatively.
但我不确定这样会对他有利 [Hojung] But I am not sure it will benefit him.
我同意 I agree.
对，这似乎不是很有利的策略 Yes, it doesn't look like a very good strategy for him.
目前黑棋占了很大的优势 It feels pretty good for black at this point.
-对，黑棋占了很多优势 -没错，占很多优势 -It feels pretty good for black, yes. -Pretty good for black. Yeah.
我希望李世石能用自己的风格比赛 [Fan] I want Lee Sedol to play his game.
因为到目前为止，他尝试过很多方法 Because for the moment, he try many, many things
去对付与了解阿尔法围棋 to play with AlphaGo, to understand AlphaGo,
但他从没试过自己平常的方法 but he never tried to play himself.
我已经说过很多次 I talk many, many times,
阿尔法围棋就像一面真正的镜子 AlphaGo look like the real mirror.
当你和他对弈时 When you play with AlphaGo,
会有一种很奇怪的感觉 you feel very strange.
好像随时都赤裸裸的 You look like you're all the time naked.
所以第一次发现时，你会试着回避，因为你心中会怀疑 The first time you see this, you don't want to see because...
”这是我吗？真正的我？“ "Oh, this is me? Real me?"
但慢慢地你会接受事实 And more then more, you need accept.
”这是真正的我 "Oh, this is the real me.
现在我该如何回应？” So, how? Now, how I can do?"
[stones rattling]
现在比赛已经演变为一场危险的对战 [Michael] It's developing into a very, very dangerous fight.
这是李世石很熟悉的情况，他喜欢这类的激战 This is really Lee Sedol's type of game. He likes this kind of fight.
白棋必须在黑棋的地盘找出弱点 White has to find something inside black's territory.
我认为他正在谋划战术 [Hajin] I think that he is already planning on trying something.
所以你相信李世石有能力 So you believe in Lee Sedol's ability
利用那块很小的地盘杀出生路吗？ to live in that very small area, right?
是的 Yes. Yes.
这一区有机会 There is a little potential there.
我觉得他可能会尝试某种策略 And I think, maybe he is going to try to do something.
-李世石魔力 -很好 -[Andrew] Lee Sedol magic! -[Myungwan] Nice.
他会使出怎样的神来之笔呢？ [Myungwan] Oh, what would be the magic move?
李世石的时间快不够了 Lee Sedol is running short on time,
但他必须用掉所有时间 but he's going to have to use up all his time.
没错，他已经在这一步上耗了七八分钟 [Chris] Yeah, he has just burned, like, seven or eight minutes, just on this move already.
我什么都看不到 [Myungwan] I don't see anything.
还没有任何蛛丝马迹 We can't find anything.
给我们看点东西吧 [in Korean] Show us something.
我没看到任何可行的走法 I don't see any possible move. [chuckles]
李世石在盘算什么？ [Chris] What is Lee Sedol up to here?
对，他非常专注 [Michael] Yeah, he is really concentrating.
确实是，你看他 [Chris] He really is. Look at that.
李世石耐性十足 [Fan] Lee Sedol is very patient.
他在等待时机 He wait, he wait, he wait his moment.
我觉得他很像一匹狼 I feel something, he looks like the wolf.
在冬天的森林里埋伏着 Wait in the forest, in the winter.
他觉得很冷 He cold, he feel very, very cold.
但他必须耐着性子 But he need patience.
一旦实时机出现 But the moment is coming...
他就会发动攻击 he go out to attack.
这是比赛的关键时刻 [Michael] This is the hinge of the game.
Oh.
你看那一步，非常令人兴奋 Look at that move. That's an exciting move.
-基本上我认为这一回…… -他要用挖了 -Basically, I believe that this time... -[Andrew] He found a wedge.
[Chris] Whoa.
这将会改变局势 [Michael] It's going to change the equation
因为黑棋无路可逃了 because now black cannot escape.
如果这招奏效那就太酷了 That would be so cool if that works.
[suspenseful music]
Oh!
阿尔法围棋下了很不寻常的一步 [Andrew] AlphaGo has just played something maybe unusual.
我不太确定它在盘算什么 [Michael] You know, I'm not actually sure what AlphaGo is trying to do here.
这是想做什么？ [Chris] What's that about?
我不是很明白 [Michael] I don't really understand it.
这样啊，这个…… Well, well.
胜利机率下降得还真急遽 That was a sharp drop in win rate.
这是我们目前看过胜利机率下降得最多的一次 That's the sharpest drop in win rate we've seen.
一口气下滑8% [Julian] It dropped eight percent. [indistinct voice]
-[George] Wow. -[Julian] Wow.
有可能是它找不到突围的方法 [Andrew] This could be that it actually can't find a way through.
-我想…… -呃 -I think this is... -Uh-huh.
这代表它已经预测到这样行不通 It has looked far enough ahead to see that it doesn't work,
并且开始失去控制了，我不知道 and now maybe it's on tilt. I don't know.
这一刻还是来了 [Julian] Here it comes. [laughs]
-唯一的一次-躲不过的 -[Michael] That was one time. -There it comes, though.
看来情况急转直下 It looks like it has fallen off the cliff.
-对，它犯了错误 -对 -Yeah, it has made a mistake. -[Michael] Yeah.
有什么异常状况出现吗？ Did anything strange happen in the...
-没有，看起来很正常 -对 -[Julian] No, it all looked normal. -Yeah.
我们可以肯定系统有弱点 Well, we can definitely say there is a weakness.
一定是哪里出现了错误 Well, we definitely say there's a mistake.
我感觉到我的内心往下沉 [David] I felt this mixture of this sinking feeling in my stomach,
我不禁开始想，阿尔法围棋是否已经在这样的情况下出现错乱 where I was wondering if AlphaGo was becoming delusional in this situation.
我发现它的棋步变得十分异常 Where I could see that it was starting to play strangely,
但同时也为李世石有获胜的希望 and at the same time, relief, that Lee Sedol,
而松了一口气 that he was actually in with a chance now.
士杰尝试保持沉着 Aja's trying not to look horrified.
从第78步后，接下来的10到20步 [Aja] I knew after move 78, after, like, 10 or 20 moves,
我看见阿尔法围棋开始出现奇怪的棋步 I saw AlphaGo's strange moves.
因此我便知道它已经有点失去控制，但我不清楚原因是什么 And I knew AlphaGo somehow became crazy, but I didn't realize why.
What?
当时我们已经先搜寻了接下去的95步吗？ We searched to 95 ahead at that point?
在它发生错误的那个时候吗？ At the part where it made the mistake?
-对 -有点不对劲 -[George] Yes. -I think that something went wrong.
这是它在整场比赛搜寻最长的一次，对吧？ That's the longest it has searched the entire game, isn't it?
对 Yeah.
他搜寻了这么深 I think it's like it searched so deeply,
-大概有点迷失了 -它感到疲乏了 -it has lost itself. -[George] It's tired.
我觉得阿尔法围棋有点脱轨 [Michael] I do get the impression that AlphaGo has sort of, gone off on a tangent.
-它在做什么？ -说不定它有个大计划 -What is it doing now? -Well, maybe it has a master plan.
不，它根本不认为有解决办法 No, it doesn't even think it has, does it?
它知道自己失误了，所以开始用别的方法进行评估 So it knows it has made a mistake, and it starts evaluating it the other way.
你看，李世石一脸困惑，他好像在想：“它在做什么啊？” [Demis] Look, look, Lee is confused. He's like, "What is he doing?"
那不是“我很害怕”的疑惑表情，而是“它在搞什么？” That's not a "I'm scared" confused, that's a "What is it doing?"
怎么回事？ What's going on?
你问过程序有没有错误 You know, you asked if it was a bug.
我以前就说过，如果…… I've said before that if...
-对，我就是这么想的 -如果深度思维有方法 -Yeah, right. That's what I thought. -If DeepMind has figured out
写出没有错误的程序码 how to write code that doesn't have bugs,
那会是比阿尔法围棋更大的新闻 that is a bigger news story than AlphaGo.
-开什么玩笑？ -嗯？ -[David] Are you kidding me? -Hm?
那真的是我们的下一步吗？ This... Literally, this next move we are going to play,
他一定会笑死，李世石会笑出来 I think they are going to laugh. I think Lee is going to laugh.
[tense music]
哦？ [Taegon] Oh! Oh!
那是什么啊？ [in Korean] What is this?
[audience laughing]
-太荒谬了！ -怎么回事？ -Oh, that's ridiculous! -What's going on?
它在想什么？ What is it thinking?
我不知道阿尔法围棋想做什么 [Michael] I don't really know what AlphaGo is trying to do here.
这么说还太轻描淡写了 That's the understatement of the year.
士杰是不是点错地方了？ [Myungwan] Is it a mouse misclick from Aja Huang?
没有，真的是下这步 [Andrew] Nope, that's the move.
黄士杰没有按错 Aja Huang makes no misclicks.
李世石感到非常困惑 Lee Sedol is very confused.
这不是人类会选择的棋步 These are not human moves.
这一步也令人费解 This move is also sort of inexplicable.
那些显然可以称为错误 [Chris] I mean, those, you can clearly call those mistakes.
对，没错 [Michael] Yes, of course.
这是我们在四场比赛中头一次 But it's the first time in the four matches
-看到这种棋步 -没错 -that we have seen moves like that. -[Chris] Right.
评估值又下滑更多了 Oh, the value dropped even more.
太怪了 That's weird.
剩下45%左右 We're at 45%.
[foreboding music]
白棋 [Myungwan] White.
-白棋 -我认为白棋会赢 -[Andrew] White. -[Myungwan] I think white is winning.
加油，李世石！ [Andrew] Come on, Lee Sedol.
-真让人难以置信 -好耶！ -It's unbelievable. -Yeah, all right!
我原本深信这块黑色区域会被黑棋吞并 I was so confident that this black area would just be consolidated by black,
什么都不剩 and there was nothing there.
但他却全吃掉了，吃得一干二净 And somehow, he has just erased it all. Like, it's gone.
所以他找出它的弱点了 [Andrew] So, he has found his weakness.
挖那一步大概让它措手不及 That wedge move probably surprised it.
-对，挖那一步 -是 -The wedge, yeah. -Yeah.
阿尔法围棋原先情势大好，但后来…… AlphaGo seemed to have such a good game, and then...
但中间这一串扭转了局势 this whole sequence in the center sort of changed that.
他创造了奇迹 He pulls off a miracle.
他成功布置了复杂的棋局 He managed to make it so complicated
让人工智能无法正确地计算 that the artificial intelligence doesn't evaluate it correctly.
我想黄士杰坐在那里 [Andrew] I think it looks like Aja Huang maybe, sitting there,
应该也意识到这一句完了 also knows that the game is over.
我忍不住笑意 I can't... I can't stop smiling. [chuckles]
他有笑吗？ [Myungwan] Did he smile?
没有，我还没看到他笑 [Andrew] No, I haven't seen him smile yet.
-他还在观察 -他一脸严肃 -I think he is still checking. -[Myungwan] He's so serious.
非常严肃 [Andrew] He's so serious.
-他想谨慎行事 -对 -He wants to be careful. -[Myungwan] Yeah.
他考虑得很周到 He concerns a lot.
他确实尽力了 He really does his best.
我想他觉得自己背负…… I think he feel something like...
某种责任，或是重担 responsibility, or burden.
差不多结束了 I think it's almost over.
胜率是多少？ [David] So, what's the percentage?
系统显示18.2% [Julian] It shows as 18.2%.
下一步应该要认负了 [David] The next move should be resign.
[tense music]
好，阿尔法围棋投降了 There you go. AlphaGo resigned.
-看样子阿尔法围棋认负了 -哇哦 -It looks like AlphaGo has resigned. -[Chris] Wow.
最精彩的一局 [Cade] The most amazing game.
我快要哭了，这是第四局…… I'm almost going to tear up, was, uh, Game Four...
他扳回一城，赢了比赛，对吧？ [clears throat] um, where he comes back and wins, right?
它认负了！ [cheering] It resigned!
[crowd cheering]
我好开心！ I'm so happy!
[cheering continues]
[crowd applauding]
阿尔法围棋大势已去的那一刻 [in Korean] [Sedol] I heard people shouting in joy
我听到很多人开心地大叫 when it was clear that AlphaGo had lost the game.
原因显而易见 I think it is clear why.
人们感到无助与害怕 People felt helplessness and fear.
因为我们人类脆弱不堪 It seemed like we humans are so weak and fragile.
但这场胜利代表…… And this victory meant...
我们还是保有优势 we could still hold our own.
但打败人工智能可能会日渐困难 As time goes on, it will probably be very difficult to beat AI.
不过赢这一局，就够了 But winning this one time, it felt like it was enough.
一次就够了 One time was enough.
我听到很多人说 I heard from so many people saying
他们在街上狂奔 they were running out in the street.
他们欣喜若狂 They were so happy.
大家都在呐喊、狂欢 They were chanting, they were celebrating.
特别经过三连败 Especially after zero-three down,
当一切看似毫无希望，仿佛末日即将来临 at the time, it seemed to be hopeless, that the end of the world was coming,
但我们看到一线曙光 but we saw the light.
通常…… Usually...
（李夏晨 职业四段 国际围棋联盟秘书长）
如果是我而不是我的同事赢了，我会很高兴 I'm happy when I win, not when my colleague wins.
但这回我觉得我也是赢家 But, this time, it felt like my win.
我不想让阿尔法围棋预测出我的棋步 [in Korean] I didn't want to make a move which AlphaGo could predict.
这部分…… This part...
它没料到我会出挖这一步 It didn't anticipate this wedge move.
我终于赢一局了 I won one game at least.
今天做得好 Good job today.
[stones rattling]
[relieved sigh]
[uplifting music]
[crowd applauding]
[crowd cheering]
[loud applause]
我没料到这个结果 [in Korean] [Sedol] But I didn't expect it to be like this.
真不敢相信我赢了 I couldn't believe I won one game.
难以置信 It was unbelievable.
谢谢大家 [Sedol] Thank you very much.
[laughter]
这是我赢棋最多被人恭喜的一次 I have never been congratulated so much for winning one game.
在连输三局之后获胜真的很开心 After losing three games in a row, I couldn't be happier.
[crowd cheering]
这场胜利非常珍贵，无论用什么 This victory is so valuable that I wouldn't exchange it
我都不愿意交换 for anything in the world.
我想问关于第78步 My question is about move number 78.
中国棋手古力称赞这是“神之一手” [journalist #3] Chinese top Go player Gu Li said that it was a god's play.
你下这一步时在想什么？谢谢 What were you thinking when you made that play? Thank you.
比赛到那个阶段 [in Korean] At that point in the game,
第78步是唯一能走的棋步 move 78 was the only move I could see.
没有别的可取代 There was no other placement.
那是我唯一的选择，所以我下在那里 It was the only option for me, so I put it there.
这些称赞我受之有愧 I am quite humbled by all the praise I am getting for it.
这确实我对人类的脑力心生敬畏 [David] It does leave me a little bit in awe of the human brain's power,
特别是李世石展现精湛棋艺扰乱阿尔法围棋 in particular, Lee's amazing ability to cause AlphaGo problems
而且在看似毫无希望的情况下找出了一条生路 and find something seemingly out of nothing.
所以我们想弄清楚究竟是怎么回事 And so, we really want to understand what had happened.
所以真的是李世石的棋步造成的？ [Chris] So, it really was Lee's move?
关键是中心 [Aja] The key is the center.
中心被攻破后，就没机会了 After center go out, there was no chance.
过来 [David] Come, come.
在这之前，我们本来要赢了 We were winning before this.
但如果阿尔法围棋预测自己会赢 But if AlphaGo thought it was winning
却无法实现这个预测情况，那就表示它并不是真的快要赢了 and it couldn't convert that win, that means it wasn't actually winning.
否则，它应该会做出正确的回应 Otherwise, it would have had the right responses.
我们会走这一步吗？ [Thore] Would we have played it?
很紧张而且…… [Maddy] Nerves of steel in there.
当时它评估白棋下这一步的几率是多少？ What probability does it give it as white?
[indistinct chatter]
0.007%.
根据当下的棋局判断的吗？ Is that in the position that he played?
-对 -了解 -That's when he played it. -I see.
-我们认为这是一万分之一的棋步 -我知道这好像…… -We thought this was a 1-in-10,000 move. -I know it was like...
-对 -这是我们不知道的数值 -Yeah. -The values we didn't know about.
-所以这真的是神之一手 -没错 -So the God move was literally a God move, -Yeah.
因为我们认为一万人当中只有一人 because we believe that only 1 in 10,000 humans
-会想到这一步 -没错 -would have found that move. -That's right.
这并不是你最先考虑的五种棋步之一 It doesn't come to mind as one of the top five moves you would consider.
除非你是李世石，他说这是唯一的走法 Unless you're Lee Sedol, he said it was the only move.
他认为只能这么下，了不起，对吧？ He thought it was the only move. Yeah, remarkable, isn't it?
[exciting music]
欢迎回到四季饭店 [Chris] Welcome back to the Four Seasons.
世界围棋冠军，李世石 World Champion Lee Sedol
在第四局寻找阿尔法围棋的弱点，并且找到了 went looking for AlphaGo's weakness in Game Four, and he found it.
今天是最后一局，他希望能重演一次 Today, last round, he is looking to see if he can repeat that.
让我们拭目以待 We will see what happens.
饭店楼下非常热闹 [Andrew] The place is a madhouse downstairs.
今天聚集了更多记者 Maybe as many, if not more, journalists here today
场面比第一局更盛大 than there were for Game One.
我们都很期待第五局比赛 [Maddy] We were really excited for the fifth match,
会有什么样的结果 to see what would happen.
最后会是三比二还是四比一？ Was this going to be a three-two thing or was it going to be a four-one thing?
两个结果各有不同的意义 And, you know, there's a different message with both of those.
我认为阿尔法围棋不会重蹈覆辙 [Fan] For me, I don't think AlphaGo will make the mistake again.
但谁也说不准 But who knows.
说不定又会发生失误 Maybe it will be coming.
现在李世石对比赛已经更有信心 And Lee Sedol have now more confidence about this.
也许李世石已经找出了破解阿尔法围棋的关键 Look like maybe Lee Sedol find the key to open AlphaGo.
这招奏效了！ [in Korean] Oh, this works!
可以说阿尔法围棋失误吗？ Is it fair to say that AlphaGo made a mistake?
也许今天能再度获胜 We might have another victory today.
你不怎么欣赏下这一步的时间点 You weren't crazy about the timing on this move.
-对 - 而且你也不认同这一招 -Yeah. -And now, you don't approve of this.
对，我猜想阿尔法围棋 Yeah, I'm sort of thinking that maybe AlphaGo
还没从第四局的失败中恢复过来 hasn't recovered from Game Four yet. Yeah. [Chris chuckling]
还在错乱吗？ [Demis] Still deluded?
不晓得 [Julian] We don't know.
糟糕，我希望他不会…… Oh, no, I hope he doesn't...
不，他必须走…… No, no, he needs to play the... [clicks tongue]
[Demis sighs]
他有几手棋走得不好 [Fan] He play some moves. It's bad moves.
我心想 I feel something.
也许他又显露弱点了 Oh, maybe his weakness come back again.
又是一次短路吗？ [Chris] Are we seeing another short circuit?
还是有什么…… Or is there something, what's...
我猜可能是误判 [Michael] I think it could be a kind of a misreading.
而且我们…… [Chris] And we are...
你相当肯定 You're pretty comfortable with saying that...
情势对李世石有利？ [Michael] That it is looking good for Lee Sedol?
李世石占上风 [Chris] It's looking good for Lee Sedol.
他为什么要下那一步？ What is he playing in there for?
白棋下那一步实在没道理 There's no reason for white to be playing that move.
那不是一个好的棋步 [Michael] It's a bad move.
在某些情况下可能会失分 And in some cases, it's going to lose a point, too.
相同情况又重演了 It is exactly the same thing.
现在胜率是91% Ninety-one percent certain now.
有人跟我说也许它又…… [Michael] Someone was telling me that maybe it had...
对，因为它又出错了 Yeah, because it's incorrect again.
比赛过程中我们一直认为 [Julian] The whole game, we thought that AlphaGo
阿尔法围棋误判棋局形势 was wrong about the board position.
我们很担心它可能又要乱来了 We were super worried that, "Oh, it's going to play garbage.
这一局又会输得很难看 It's going to be like lose in a very embarrassing way."
整场比赛我们都提心吊胆 And this continued for the whole game.
这里怪怪的 This is a bit weird.
-它什么时候下的？ -刚刚 -When did it play that? -Just now.
-我不明白，这并不…… -我们还不知道 -So I don't know. I mean, it doesn't... -Well, that we don't know.
我们没厉害到可以参透，对吧？ But we're not good enough Go players to know that, right?
对 Yeah.
结果显示，大家对围棋都没有足够的了解 [Julian] As it turns out, none of us know Go well enough
无法正确评判阿尔法围棋的棋步 to accurately judge what AlphaGo is doing.
白棋开始赢了 White is winning now.
这一句看起来是白棋会赢 This one looks like white is winning.
啊！ Ah!
我们都认为阿尔法围棋有些棋步很怪异 We all say some of AlphaGo's moves are so weird and strange,
可能发生错误了 and may be mistakes.
但等到比赛结束后 [Chihyung] But after a game is finished,
我们开始怀疑自己，怀疑自己的判断 we have to doubt ourselves, our judgment.
阿尔法围棋又来一招荒谬的棋步 AlphaGo making another kind of nonsensical throw-in.
我不太确定是什么 I'm not really sure what that's about.
这看起来是10段或11段的棋术 This is what 10 or maybe 11-dan play looks like.
看起来很怪异，我们都摸不透 It looks weird, and we don't quite understand it.
我认为有必要深入研究 [Chihyung] I think it's important to study more
阿尔法围棋这些看似错误的棋步 about AlphaGo's mistake-like moves. [chuckles]
也许就能调整对围棋的认知 Then maybe we can adjust our knowledge about Go.
对我来说，观看阿尔法围棋下棋 [Frank] To me, the most amazing thing to come out of my understanding of Go
最大的收获 as a result of watching AlphaGo play
就是重新了解恶名昭彰的“缓手” are the infamous "slack moves."
它的下棋方式有点令人费解 Well, there's something strange about the way it is playing,
是 [Chris] Yeah.
因为有些棋步显得很多余 because it's playing some moves that are not really necessary.
没错 Right.
“缓手”指的是看起来懒散的棋步 [Frank] A "slack move" is a move that looks lazy.
有其他更好的走法但阿尔法围棋不采用 You can see these other better moves, and AlphaGo is rejecting them.
但我认为阿尔法围棋是在教我们 But what I think AlphaGo is teaching us
一直以来我们都把目数当成胜率的指标 is that we have been using score as a proxy for chance of winning.
所以我占的领地越大 So the bigger my margin of territory,
我就越有胜算 the more confident I am that I'm going to win.
但阿尔法围棋不这么认为 And AlphaGo is saying, "No, no, no.
赢多少不是重点 It shouldn't matter how much you win by,
只要赢1目就可以了 you only need to win by a single point.
何必要攻占那些我不需要的领土呢？ Why should I be seizing all this extra territory when I don't need it?"
阿尔法围棋带给我们的教训 The lessons that AlphaGo is teaching us
将会影响未来一千年下围棋的方式 are going to influence how Go is played for the next thousand years.
根据我的计算，白棋赢了这一局 By my counting, white won this game.
赢了多少？赢了2目吗？ How... By how much? Are we talking two points?
-1.5目 -1.5目 -One-and-a-half. -One-and-a-half points.
1.5，可能是1.5 Yeah, maybe one-and-a-half.
当然，围棋只是个游戏，但我们可以 Of course, Go is just a game, but we can learn important lessons
从如此精通围棋的电脑得到收获 from a computer being so successful at Go.
机器不止能处理大量的数据 [Martin] Machines will have the capability not only to crunch
而且还能进行智能分析 through a huge amount of data, but also to analyze it intelligently.
以围棋赛来说 Just as in the case of the Go games,
机器就能下出让专家吃惊的棋步 the machine-made moves that surprised even the experts.
到头来，我们越来越信任机器 And, eventually, the machines will gain our confidence
因为我们发现很多时候 because we will see that very, very often
机器的推测都比人类更准确 they make a better guess than we could have made as humans.
[sharp inhale]
[sighs]
阿尔法围棋坚守阵地 [in Korean] [Jimyung] AlphaGo has strong foundation.
[chuckling]
[groans]
最让我惊讶的是 [Sedol] What surprised me the most was...
阿尔法围棋让我们看到 that AlphaGo showed us
人类自认为开创性的棋步实际上平凡无奇 that moves humans may have thought are creative, were actually conventional.
我想这会成为围棋的新典范 I think this will bring a new paradigm to Go.
阿尔法围棋也攻下这一区了吗？ AlphaGo won this area as well? Oh, god. [laughs]
-我觉得很不舒服 -噢！ -That makes me very uncomfortable. -Oh!
很遗憾，对李世石来说 Unfortunately, for Lee Sedol,
白棋稍具优势 I think white might have a slight advantage here.
白棋点亮好几区，这样算起来，是1.5目 [Michael] White lights up in places, but if we count it like that, it's 1.5.
他们一直说1.5目 [Demis] They keep saying one-and-a-half points.
你怎么知道韩国转播室宣布了？ How do you know the Korean room has called it?
有人…… Someone, um...
-谁告诉我们韩国人宣布了？ -某个人吧，我不知道 -Who told us the Koreans called it? -[Chris] I don't know.
是韩国人跟你说的吗？ [Demis] The Koreans told you?
韩国人宣布了 Koreans called it.
韩国转播室宣布阿尔阿法围棋赢了 Someone said the Korean room has called it for AlphaGo.
我们想知道转播室里有没有韩国人可以帮我打听一下 We would just like to know if someone Korean in there can find out.
[woman speaking indistinctly]
韩国转播室认为阿尔法围棋快要赢了 [woman #3] The Korean room thinks AlphaGo is winning.
“快要赢了”所以不是赢了 "Winning," okay, not... then not won.
-这是她说的 -“快要赢了” -That's what she said. -"Winning."
她说他们认为到此为止了 She said they called it right there.
[clears throat]
阿尔法围棋说它要认负 AlphaGo's saying it's going to resign.
-什么？ -我开玩笑的 -[Chris M.] What? -No. I'm only joking.
[all laughing]
天啊，害我差点心脏病发 Jesus, I almost had a heart attack.
别这样，真是荒唐 Dave, don't do that. It's ridiculous.
很会演 That was a very good one. [laughs]
-很会演 -对 -[Veda] Well played. -Yeah.
-演得好 -才怪 -[Veda] Well played. -No, not really.
我没办法演太久了，我看到你们的表情后就演不下去了 I couldn't do it for too long. I just couldn't think like that.
大卫，你酝酿了两年才出这一招 [Chris M.] Dave, you've been waiting two years to do that.
他非做不可 He needs to do that. [laughter]
我们不知道分数，完全不清楚状况 We don't know the score. We have no idea what's going on, right?
2.5目 [in Korean] Two-and-a-half points.
李世石至少落后了2.5目 Lee is two-and-a-half points behind, at least.
中间的分线很难 [Michael] The parting in the center, it's very hard to... It's very hard to...
李世石摸了棋罐 [in Korean] Lee is touching the bowl.
他似乎考虑认负 [Jimyung] Looks like he's considering resigning.
对，我认为他想认负 [Seongryong] Yes. I think he is thinking of resigning.
[indistinct chatter on TV monitor]
[clacks]
-他认负了吗？ -认负了 -Did he resign? -[George] He resigned.
他做了什么？ Hm? He has what?
我觉得他认负了 I think he resigned. [indistinct chatter]
-他认负了吗？ -我觉得是，你看 -[Julian] He resigned? -I think he resigned.
[indistinct chatter]
士杰看起来松了一口气 Aja's looking relaxed.
-是的，他认负了 -他认负了 -Yeah, he has resigned. -He has resigned.
对，他放弃了 [in Korean] Yes, he is giving up.
-到此为止，他已经放弃 -对 -Okay. That's it. He has given up. -Yeah.
-好棒！ -太好了！ -Yeah! -Yes!
[applause]
[indistinct chattering]
这是毕生难得的机会 [Demis] I mean, I think it just really is a once-in-a-lifetime thing.
我想这是我这辈子最美妙的体验 I would say it is the most amazing thing, you know, I have experienced.
对我们来说，我们实现了酝酿20年的梦想 You know, for us, it is the culmination of a 20-year dream.
起初只是一项研究 It started as a pure research endeavor.
我们只是想了解神经网络能不能驾驭围棋 We just wanted to understand. Can neural networks play the game of Go?
但后续的发展，超乎我的预期之外 And from there, it went on to a level that I never expected.
我对团队感到无比骄傲 [David] And I'm unbelievably proud of the team.
我开始研究人工智能 [Ioannis] When I started doing artificial intelligence,
大概是四五年前的事 it was four or five years ago,
我对这部分很感兴趣 and I was really interested in that,
但许多人都劝阻我 but, like, many people would discourage me,
他们说这个领域没有前景 and they would say, okay, there is no future.
所以短短五年时间 So, actually seeing that within five years
我们就发展到这个阶段 we are at this stage right now,
真的很不简单 it's amazing by itself.
大家一起说：“九段” Everybody say, "Nine dan."
-“九段”！ -“九段”！ -Nine dan! -Nine dan!
泡菜！ [man #5] Kimchi!
在很多的应用领域中 [David] There are so many possible application domains
如果我们从一般人想不到的层面发挥创意 where creativity, in a different dimension to what humans could do,
将会获益匪浅 could be immensely valuable to us.
我希望还有更多那样的时刻 And I just love to have more of those moments
让我们回顾时能骄傲地说，“对，就像是那第37步棋” where we look back and say, "Yeah, that was just like move 37.
非常美妙 Something beautiful occurred there."
广义上来说，第37步催生了第78步 At least in a broad sense, move 37 begat move 78,
也让李世石有了全新的态度，用全新的方式看待比赛 begat a new attitude in Lee Sedol, a new way of seeing the game.
他借由这部机器精进了棋艺 [Cade] He improved through this machine.
他和这部没有生命的物体对弈后拓展了人性 His humanness was expanded after playing this inanimate creation.
希望这部机器 And the hope is that, that machine,
以及它背后使用到的科技 and in particular, the technology behind it,
也能为全人类带来相同影响 can have the same effect with all of us.
我记得卡斯帕洛夫说过 [Martin] I remember hearing a talk by Kasparov, who says that, uh,
“一个出色的人加上一部机器就是最佳组合” a good human plus a machine is the best combination.
这是独一无二的体验 [Fan] This is a unique experience.
没有人有这样的机会 Nobody can have this experience
可以和阿尔法围棋对弈五局 playing with AlphaGo, five games like this.
所以我希望李世石能从这五场比赛有所收获 So, I hope Lee Sedol can find something in these five games.
或许改变自己的下棋方式 Maybe some change in his game.
今天我看见他努力不懈地奋战 I see today he fight, fight, fight.
他真的很棒 He's very good.
他是大师，真正的大师 Big master, real big master.
这次的经验让我有所成长 [in Korean] [Sedol] I have grown through this experience.
我会善用从中得到的收获 I will make something out of it with the lessons I have learned.
我觉得很感激 I feel thankful and feel like
而且好像找到了下围棋的意义 I have found the reason I play Go.
我了解到学习围棋是多么正确的选择 I realize it was really a good choice, learning to play Go.
[laughs]
这是一场难以忘怀的经验 It has been an unforgettable experience.
[calm music]
比赛已经落幕了 [Fan] This event is done,
但故事还没结束，说不定这只是开始 but for all the story, maybe it's just the beginning.
我们并不知道 We don't know.
[tranquil music]
我和阿尔法围棋对弈时，它让我了解到一些事 It's just when I play with AlphaGo, he shows me something.
我觉得很美，如此而已 I feel beautiful, just it.
现在我用全新的角度看待世界 I see the world different, before everything begin.
围棋的真正内涵是什么？ What is real thing inside the Go game?
参透了之后，我就能改变我的下棋方式 With this thing, I will change something with my game.
也许它只是想点出人类未曾发现的盲点 Maybe he just can show humans something we never discovered.
这当中也许存在着美 Maybe it's beautiful.
（比赛结束后的两个月内）
（李世石赢下了他参与的每一场围棋锦标赛）
（经过与阿尔法围棋的一番磨练）
（樊麾赢得了2016年欧洲职业围棋冠军）
（随着更多玩家发现这个游戏）
（据报道全球围棋棋具大缺货）
字幕翻译：蒋文昊
[inspiring music]
（时间仓促，字幕制作或许有很多缺陷，请谅解）